Science Flashcards
Which of the following chambers of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body? A) left atrium B) right atrium C) left ventricle D) right ventricle
C) left ventricle
The left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium, then pumps blood to the rest of the body.
After air is inhaled through the mouth, nose, and throat, which of the following structures does it travel through? A) alveoli B) bronchi C) bronchioles D) trachea
D) trachea The trachea (windpipe) is a passageway for air as it moves from the mouth, nose, and throat to the bronchi.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver? A) digestive juice production B) bile production C) detoxification D) blood preparation
A) digestive juices
Digestive juices are produced by the pancreas.
Which of the following cells are responsible for carrying oxygen? A) leukocytes B) thrombocytes C) erythrocytes D) plasma cells
C) erythrocytes
Erythrocytes are red blood cells that contain hemoglobin, which is responsible for carrying oxygen with the blood cell.
Oxygen is exchanged between blood and tissues at which of the following areas? A) capillaries B) veins C) ventricles D) arteries
A) capillaries
Capillaries are very small blood vessels found where veins and arteries meet. They are the site of material exchange.
When exhaling, the diaphragm—
A) relaxes, reducing the space available for the lungs
B) relaxes, increasing the space available for the lungs
C) contracts, reducing the space available for the lungs
D) contracts, increasing the space available for the lungs
A) relaxes, reducing the space available for the lungs
During exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes causing the tissue to move up into the chest cavity. This movement reduces the space available for the lungs and forces air out of the lungs.
How many electrons are included in the double bond between the two oxygen atoms in O2? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8
B) 4
The two oxygen atoms in a covalent double bond share two pairs of electrons, or four total.
Which of the following is the anterior bone of the lower leg? A) ulna B) fibula C) tibia D) radius
C) tibia
The tibia, or shinbone, is the larger of the lower leg bones and is located slightly to the front of the smaller fibula.
Which of the following regions of the brain is the active link between the endocrine and nervous systems? A) cerebellum B) pons C) cerebrum D) hypothalamus
D) hypothalamus
The hypothalamus links the nervous and endocrine systems by regulating hormone production of the pituitary gland.
Which of the following joints is formed by the humerus and the ulna? A) ball-and-socket joint B) hinge joint C) saddle joint D) gliding joint
B) hinge joint
The humerus and ulna connect at the elbow to form a hinge joint.
Which of the following is another name for the patella? A) breastbone B) kneecap C) finger bone D) funny bone
B) kneecap
The patella is a thick, flat, triangular bone that covers and protects the knee joint.
Which of the following is the part of a muscle that remains stationary during movement? A) insertion B) agonist C) origin D) antagonist
C) origin
The origin is the fixed attachment of the muscle to the bone that remains in place while the insertion of the muscle moves during contraction.
Which of the following is the process that produces a liquid from a gas? A) vaporization B) condensation C) sublimation D) melting
B) condensation
Condensation is a phase change that occurs when gas, such as water vapor, is converted to liquid, such as water.
What is the primary function of the quadriceps muscle? A) extend the knee joint B) flex the knee joint C) extend the hip joint D) flex the hip joint
A) extend the knee joint
The quadriceps is a large muscle located at the front of the thigh and is composed of four sections, which all work to extend the knee joint.
Which of the following parts of the brain is responsible for memory and language processing? A) pons B) cerebrum C) cerebellum D) medulla oblangata
B) cerebrum
The cerebral cortex is the most developed part of the human brain and is responsible for memory, language processing, and other higher brain functions.
How many thoracic spinal nerves are there in the human body? A) eight B) nine C) twelve D) fourteen
C) twelve
There are twelve thoracic spinal nerves located in the upper body, centralized in the chest area.
Which of the following is NOT a specialized sense? A) touch B) balance C) sight D) hearing
A) touch
The special senses are found in organs in the head region; touch is a sense that is found in the body region, making it a somatic sense instead of a specialized sense.
In which region of the small intestine are most of the nutrients absorbed? A) jejunum B) ileum C) duodenum D) colon
A) jejunum
The jejunum, the middle section of the small intestine, is the site of most of the food absorption in the body after it is broken down in the duodenum.
