Science

Question 1

What is meant by the term independent variable?

Answer 1

It is a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.

Question 2

What is meant by the term dependent variable?

Answer 2

A variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another.

Question 3

What is required for an experiment to be a fair test?

Answer 3

In a fair test, two or more things are compared. In order for a test to be fair or scientifically sound, you are required to ensure only one thing (this is called a variable) is changed.

Question 4

Describe the differences between longitudinal waves and transverse waves.

Answer 4

Longitudinal waves move parallel to the direction of motion and transverse waves move perpendicular to the direction of motion

Question 5

Provide ONE example of a transverse wave and ONE example of a longitudinal wave.

Answer 5

Transverse - Ripples on the surface of the water

Longitudinal - sound waves

Question 6

List 5 examples of electromagnetic waves and put them in the order of increasing energy.

Answer 6

Gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infra-red rays, microwaves and radio waves

Question 7

Explain the Doppler effect and one way that humans use it

Answer 7

The doppler effect is the change in frequency of a sound due to the relative motion of the sound source and the listener.

Question 8

Which organ produces ova (eggs) in a human?

Answer 8

Ovaries

Question 9

Which organ produces sperm in a human?

Answer 9

Testes

Question 10

Name the TWO types of cellular division and how many cells are produced in each.

Answer 10

mitosis (two cells) and meiosis (four gamete cells)

Question 11

What is meant by the terms phenotype and genotype?

Answer 11

Genotype - the genes of an organism for one specific trait

Phenotype - the physical appearance of a trait in an organism