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Science Moving things book pages 3-61 > science 1 63 add thru 71 > Flashcards

science 1 63 add thru 71 Flashcards

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1
Q

machine

A

a device that helps you do work more easily with it than without it.

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2
Q

model

A

a way of representing something in the world to learn more about it.

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3
Q

mass

A

the amount of matter in an object.

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4
Q

criteria

A

goals that must be satisfied to successfully achieve a challenge.

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5
Q

constraints

A

factors that limit how you can solve a problem

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6
Q

force

A

a push or pull resulting from an objects interaction with another object.

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7
Q

newton

A

a unit to measure force

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8
Q

balanced forces

A

forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction. Balanced forces do not result in any change in motion.

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9
Q

unbalanced forces

A

forces applied to an object in opposite directions that are not equal in size. unbalanced forces result in a change in motion.

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10
Q

friction

A

the force that opposes the motion or tendency toward motion of two objects that are in contact

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11
Q

gravity

A

a pull between two objects for example between an object and earth.

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12
Q

inertia

A

the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion

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13
Q

acceleration

A

the rate at which the speed and direction (velocity) an object is moving changes.

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14
Q

simple machine

A

a machine with few or no moving parts.

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15
Q

inclined plane

A

a sloping surface connecting a higher level to a lower level.

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16
Q

trade-off

A

giving up one thing in exchange for another.

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17
Q

mechanical advantages

A

the amount a machine increases the force applied to an object. as a tradeoff the distance that the object must be moved is increased.

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18
Q

work

A

when a force acts on an object and the object moves a distance in the direction of the force then work has been done

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19
Q

How can a machine change a force? EXample

A

incline plane, the wedge and the screw (reduce the force needed to move an object.
PULLEY - used to raise and lower a flag
LEVER - is show by a seesaw on the playground.

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20
Q

Lever

A

a simple machine made up of a rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point (fulcrum). seesaw teeter-tauter.

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21
Q

fulcrum

A

fixed point or pivot point on the lever (seesaw)

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22
Q

rigid

A

stiff

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23
Q

load

A

the object that is being moved, or the resisting force.

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24
Q

What were the first 2 machines used ?

When?

A

Levers and incline planes.

First use can be traced back to 5000 BCE

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25
Q

The tendency of an object to resist motion is called

A

inertia

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26
Q

A machine with few or no moving part is called ?

A

simple machine

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27
Q

Name two examples of an incline plain

A

screw and wedge

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28
Q

incline plane

A

a sloping surface connecting a higher and lower level surfaces.

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29
Q

newton

A

a unit toure force

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30
Q

newton 1st law of motion?

A

the state of motion of an object DOES NOT CHANGE as long as the NET FORCE acting on the object is ZERO
LAW #1 = ZERO

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31
Q

Newton’ 2nd law of motion?

A

The ACCELERATION of an object is equal to the net force action on it, DIVIDED by the objects mass.
LAW #2 = ACCELARATION & DIVIDED.

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32
Q

Newton’s 3 rd law of motion?

A

Force always occur in EQUAL and OPPOSITE PAIRS between to objects
LAW#3 = EQUAL, OPPOSITE, PAIRS

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33
Q

Draw a force diagram for a book sitting on a desk with balanced forces on the sides.

A

describe your drawing

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34
Q

criteria

A

goals that must be satisfied to successfully achieve a challenge

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35
Q

if you push an object and it moves 5 feet we know …….

A

the forces are unbalanced

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36
Q

The force that causes an object to move is called

A

propulsion force

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37
Q

velocity

A

speed + distance

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38
Q

describe 2 kinds of acceleration

A

peddling a bike faster
driving 20 miles an hour on your go cart and putting on the brakes
remember turning too can change acceleration.

39
Q

Elastic potential energy

A

is the energy stored in elastic materials as a result of their stretching or compressing.

40
Q

kinetic

A

is the energy of motion (any direction)

41
Q

gravitational potential

A

energy is … energy stored in an object as the result of is vertical position.

42
Q

potential energy

A

is the stored energy of position possessed by an object

like a bow (bow and arrow) pulled back ready to fire.

43
Q

The act or changing positions is called

A

MOVING

44
Q

Factors that limit how you can solve a problem are called

A

constraints

45
Q

What law states for every action/force there is an equal and opposite reaction or force

A

Newton’s 3rd law

46
Q

type of simple machine that has a rope around a wheel is called a

A

pulley

47
Q

Which law states an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion until acted upon by an outside force

A

Newtons 1st law of motion

48
Q

what is a unit to measure FORCE

A

newton

49
Q

WHAT CAN CAUSE A OBJECT THAT IS MOVING TO SLOW DOWN OR TURN OR STOP

A

ANY OUTSIDE FORCE

50
Q

A hockey stick is what kind of lever?

A

third class

51
Q

what law states an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the object

A

Newtons 2nd law

52
Q

A machine changes the __________ OR _____________ of a force that can be applied to an object.

A

amount and direction

remember force amount direction
FAD

53
Q

What type of machine is a modified inclined plane

A

WEDGE

54
Q

Energy

A

the ability to make something move

55
Q

Speed

A

distance divided by time

56
Q

volume

A

the amount of space something takes up.

like length x width x height.

57
Q

simulation

A

the imitation of a real process -

like a flight simulator for a pilot to practice flying

58
Q

Motion

A

the act or process of moving over time
remember moving is changing positions but motion includes time
motion has a T in it that will help you remember time

59
Q

upward force

A

is any force that counteracts the force of gravity.

buoyancy (floating in a pool) is an example of upward force.

60
Q

reference point

A

.

61
Q

coast

A

to move without being continuously pushed and pulled

62
Q

chassis

A

Is the frame and wheels of a vehicle. chassis supports the engine and load of the vehicle

63
Q

Axel

A

Wheels of the car are connected by the axel

64
Q

bearings

A

looks like a straw goes around the axel and lets the wheels rotate

65
Q

reference point

A

a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion.

66
Q

frame of reference

A

is the position you are viewing from - on the ground or from the top of a 10 story building.

67
Q

propulsion force

A

a push or pull that causes an object to move

68
Q

Which way did you wind the propeller?

A

Counter-clockwise
which made it move forward
If you wind it clock-wise it would go backwards

69
Q

Air resistance

A

the opposition of the atmosphere to forward movement.

70
Q

What force made the coaster cars move

A

coast ???

71
Q

What made the propeller cars move

A

propulsion force

72
Q

Type of energy that is stored is

A

potential energy

73
Q

temperature

A

is how hot or cold something is

74
Q

A magnet that runs on electricity is an

A

electromagnet

75
Q

Energy transferred through vibrations is

A

sand

76
Q

Energy of moving electric charges is

A

electric energy

77
Q

Visible energy that is given off by some objects in the form of radiation is

A

Light ??

78
Q

Geothermal Energy

A

energy derived from the heat of the earth

79
Q

Two types of circuits

A

series and parallel

80
Q

What is the formula for speed

A

Speed = Distance/time

81
Q

positive and negative acceleration

A

+ is when you are speeding up

- is when you are slowing down

82
Q

Explain what a mechanical advantage means

A

When a machine can help you do something easier

83
Q

a machine with few or no moving parts is a

A

simple machine

84
Q

tendency of an object to resist change in motion is called

A

inertia

85
Q

forces that are equal in size and opposite directions

A

balanced

86
Q

forces that to an object in opposite directions that are not equal in size

A

unbalanced

87
Q

round shaft connecting wheels

A

axel

88
Q

the part of a vehicle that help the wheels move freely

A

bearings

89
Q

T or F

the frame and the wheels are called the chassis

A

TRUE

90
Q

T or F

Motion is nothing more than the change in the position of an object over time

A

True

91
Q

T or F

Propulsion force is the measure of how fast an object is traveling

A

False!

92
Q

T or F

Friction is always preset and resists the intended change in motion

A

False

93
Q

What can and will cause an object that is moving to slow or turn or stop

A

gravity friction any outside force

Science Moving things book pages 3-61 (1 decks)

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