sci midterm Flashcards
sci midterm
How did Mendel come up with his Principles of Heredity that affected science
He used probability and was the first to trace a trait through generations by observing the patterns of inheritance in pea plants
Why does mitosis always begin with a diploid cell and end up a diploid cell
Daughter cells need complete set of chromosomes to be identical.
An experimental technique that introduces virus genes into living cells to replace an abnormal, disease-causing gene
Gene therapy
When two alleles are different, they are said to be
Heterozygous
Who is the Father of Modern Genetics
Gregor Mendell
The physical appearance of an organism is called
Phenotype
Which type of cells undergo cell division
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
A visual tool used by Geneticists to trace inheritance through generations of family members
Pedigree
When two alleles are the same, they are said to be
Homozygous
A __________________________ occurs when a group of gene pairs acts together to produce a single trait
Codominance
This kind of allele will ‘cover up” the other allele and will be shown in the phenotype
Dominant
How did Mendel use probability to make his predictions
He worked with large numbers of plants, so he observed his chances of seeing a repeatable pattern to make predictions through Punnett square for future generations
The series of events that takes place from one cell division to the next is called ______________.
Cell cycle
This kind of allele will seem to “disappear” and is only shown if to of this same allele are present
This kind of allele will seem to “disappear” and is only shown if to of this same allele are present
The genetic make-up code of an organism is called _________________.
Genotype
What do you call the use of biological and chemical means to change the arrangement of DNA for a specific purpose
Genetic Engineering
The process to make body cells in which the nucleus divides to produce two identical daughter cells
Mitosis
what are some of Mendel’s rules
When a pair of chromosome separates during meiosis, the different alleles for a trait move into separate cells, Traits are controlled by alleles on the chromosomes, and Traits are either dominant or recessive.
The passing of traits from parent to offspring
Heredity
A genetic condition that occurs when there is extra, or few chromosomes caused by the errors during cell division
Chromosome disorder
A pattern of inheritance in which more than two alleles control a specific trait
Multiple alleles
A genetic disorder that is passed down to the offspring through the X and Y chromosomes
Sex-linked disorder
A specific segment of a DNA molecule that holds the information that controls an organism’s form and function
Gene
A chart used by geneticists to trace inheritance pattern through generations of family members.
Pedigree
The study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles
Genetics
A pattern of inheritance in which the two parent phenotypes are expressed together in the offspring since the alleles share dominance, and both alleles show up in the phenotype of the offspring
Codominance
