Sci Lesson 1 Earthquakes Flashcards
What is always moving?
Crust of the earth
What causes earthquakes?
the sudden movement of the Earth’s crust can cause rocks to change its position and release a big amount of energy that can cause earthquakes.
What are the 3 main ways to do when an earthquake occurs?
Drop, Cover, and Hold
What are the Earth’s 3 layers?
Crust, Mantle, and Core
Outermost layer where living things exist?
Crust
What is Crust made up of?
Basalt and granite rocks
What is crust?
Outermost layer where living things exist
What is the second layer?
Mantle
Why the properties and physical state of the mantle are not uniform throughout?
Due to the difference of temperature
Stable and mostly solid?
Upper Mantle
is liquid because of extreme heat or very extreme heat or very high temperature and pressure
lower mantle
What is upper mantle?
stable and mostly solid
What is lower mantle?
is liquid because of extreme heat or very extreme heat or very high temperature and pressure
What is the liquid part of the mantle?
Hot molten rocks
What is the core’s two layers?
Outer core and Inner Core
What is the outer core made out of?
liquid
What is the inner core made out of?
Solid
The crust and the solid upper part of the mantle make up the what?
Lithosphere
The liquid part of the mantle and the outer core make up the what?
Asthenosphere
What is Lithosphere?
The crust and the solid upper part of the mantle
What is Asthenosphere?
The liquid part of the mantle and the outer core
The lithosphere floats in the what?
Asthenosphere
According to the Plate Tectonic Theory, the Earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces is called what?
Tectonic Plates
Tectonic Plates move relative to each other at a rate of what?
5 to 10 centimeters per year.
Are the sites of many processes that shape the surface of the Earth, including earthquakes.
Plate Boundaries
3 Types of Tectonic Boundaries
Convergent Boundary, Transform Boundary, and Divergent Boundary
What occurs when two plates move towards each other?
Convergent boundary
What happens when plates move away from each other?
Divergent boundary
Two plates sliding past each other forms what?
Transform boundary
What causes the movement of molten rocks?
Heat and pressure in the asthenosphere
What are waves that travel through the Earth’s layers and give out low frequency energy?
Seismic Waves
Seismic waves are recorded using a what?
Seismograph
How does an earthquake occur?
When rocks break in a fault or crack in the crust
The point of origin of an earthquake underground is the what?
Focus
The point directly above the focus on the surface of the Earth is the
Epicenter
Earthquake is felt the strongest in the what?
Epicenter
The movement of the breaking rocks underground release large amount of energy that caused what?
Seismic Waves
Sudden movement of the rocks or when two tectonic plates collide against each other, it is called a what?
Tectonic Earthquake
Due to the movement of magma within the volcanoes, it is called a what?
Volcanic Earthquake
Sometimes, earthquakes occur because of human activity such as big explosions in the wrong treatment of the ground may trigger what?
Man-made earthquakes
Earthquakes generally occur along what?
Faults
What are cracks in the Earth’s crust between two big plates?
Faults
What agency of the government monitors earthquakes?
PHIVOLCS
PHIVOLCS
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
The strength and damage caused by an earthquake is measured by what?
Magnitude or intensity
Magnitude is recorded by a what?
Seismograph
Is associated with the energy released by an earthquake which is a way to tell its strength
Magnitude
Measures the extent of damage caused by an earthquake on the surface of the ground
Intensity
