sci class Flashcards
5 examples of nutrients
protein carbohydrates fats vitamins and minerals
the amount of energy in food is measured in calories
calorie
the amount of energy it takes to rasie the temperature of 1 kg of water b 1 c
calorie
releases the energy from the processed food
your digestive system
the parts of food used by the body to grow and survive
nutrients
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into small particles and molecules that your body can absorb and use
digestion
the 4 steps of digestion
ingestion digestion absorption and elimination
when you chew mash and grind food with your teeth and tongue
mechanical digestion
break down pieces of food into small molecules
chemical digestion
when you put food such as bread into your mouth
ingestion
an enzyme in your mouth that helps break down carbohydrates
saliva
a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach
esophagus
food moves trought the esophagus and the rest of the disestive tract by waves of muscle contractions
peristalsis
a large hollow organ that stores food
stomach
a adult stomach a hold 2 liters of food and liquid
2 liters
enable the stomach to expand and hold large amounts of food
the folds on the inner walls
the cells in these folds produce chemicals that help break down
proteins
this stomach fluid makes the stomach acidic
gastric juice
an ezyme that helps break down proteins in foods into anino acids
pepsin
a long tube that is connected to the stomach it is about 7m 23 ft long
small intestine
fingerlike projections that cover the folds of the small the small intestine
villi
nutrients enter the blood throught blood vessels in this disgestive organ
small intestine
also known as the colon
large intestine
is about 1.5 m (5ft) long it has a larger diameter about 5 cm or 2 in than the small intestine
large intestine
