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Mental Health Final Exam > Schizoprenia > Flashcards

Schizoprenia Flashcards

1
Q

Severe chronic/biological disorder that destroys tissue and disrupts brain circuit and neural connectivity

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q

Symptoms last at least how long for Schizophrenia?

A

6 months

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3
Q

Can schizophrenia be cured?

A

No

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4
Q

Features of schizophrenia but lasting only 1-6 months

A

Schizophreniform

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5
Q

Has symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorder like bipolar and depression

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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6
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- may have schizoid or schizotypal personality
- quiet, passive, introverted, solitary activities

A

Premorbid

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7
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- subtle gradual decline over 2 years
- early symptoms not specific to psychosis

A

Prodromal

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8
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- first psychotic episode: delusions, hallucinations, bizarre behavior, angry outbursts, social withdrawal
- EARLY TREATMENT MEANS LESS DAMAGE!
- good response if med adherence
- dx usually occurs here!

A

Acute psychosis

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9
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- brain is damaged by recurrent psychotic episodes
- associated with treatment resistance
- WARNING SIGN: INSOMNIA

A

Relapse

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10
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- chronic state of unremitting positive, negative and cognitive symptoms
- severe social and vocational withdrawal

A

Residual

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11
Q

The highest rate of ________ in a patient with schizophrenia occurs after the patient is discharged from the hospital

A

Suicide

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12
Q

The gold standard used for measuring the symptom severity and treatment efficiency in schizophrenia

A

Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS)

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13
Q

_________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- delusions
- hallucinations
- altered/disorganized speech
- catatonia

A

Positive

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14
Q

___________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- affective flattening
- alogia
- anergia
- avolition
- anhedonia
- social withdrawal

A

Negative

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15
Q

____________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- inability to make decisions
- decreased attention/focus
- decreased short term memory
- decreased problem-solving/abstract thinking

A

Cognitive

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16
Q

_________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- depression
- irritability
- suicidal ideation
- hopelessness

A

Mood

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17
Q

Damage to frontal/parietal lobe
- poor insight - of illness/situation
- increased refusal of treatment and poor medication adherence

A

Anosognosia

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18
Q

Fixed, false beliefs
- cannot be corrected by reasoning
- usually bizarre
- “delulu”

A

Delusions

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19
Q

Believes that certain gestures, comments, or cues are directed at oneself, despite evidence to the contrary
- ex. believes that someone who is in the distance who is talking about their meal is talking about them

A

Ideas of reference

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20
Q

Unfounded fear that people are out to harm them
- use projection and displacement
- RISK FOR VIOLENCE!
- NSG: provide personal space, make sure have exit, approach in calm manner, assess threat, decrease stimuli

A

Persecution

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21
Q

Belief that outside forces are controlling their actions
- CONTROL OVER BODY AND MIND
- ex. thought insertion, thought deletion, and thought broadcasting

A

Control

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22
Q

Belief in unrecognized power, fame, wealth, talent, identity, or genius
- can be symptom of paranoia, mania or dementia

A

Grandiose

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23
Q

Is obsessed with religious beliefs
- NSG: remain passive and refer to clerical professional

A

Religious

24
Q

Beliefs that another person, usually a stranger, high status, or famous, is in love with him/her
- NSG: refer to specialist who looks at cycles and patterns of behavior

A

Erotomanic

25
Q

Beliefs that their body is diseased or that their body is changing in an unusual way
- ex. Infestation, foul body odor, growing third arm
- NSG: present reality without disproving, redirecting and limit discussion of content

A

Somatic

26
Q

Belief that things, including self or part of ones body, do not exist
- the world is reduced to nothingness
- believing major catastrophe will occur

A

Nihilistic

27
Q

False sensory perceptions without real external stimulus
- can be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile
- NSG: decrease stimuli, ask what they see/hear, present nurses reality, distract/redirect, administer PRNs

A

Hallucinations

28
Q

Unconscious inability to concentrate on a single thought
- shifting between unrelated topics
- leaps from one topic to another

A

Associative looseness

29
Q

Quickly moving from one idea to another

A

Flight of ideas

30
Q

Made-up words that have meaning only to client

A

Neologisms

31
Q

The client repeats words spoken to them
Ex. Mocking bird

A

Echolalia

32
Q

Meaningless rhyming of words, often forceful
- Ex. “Oh box, fox, and lox”

A

Clang association

33
Q

Words jumbled together with little meaning or significance to listener
- ex. “hip hooray, the flip is cast and wide sprinting in the forest”

A

Word salad

34
Q

Including multiple and unneeded details during a conversation
- ex. Describing great detail about weather and clothes when asked about plan for the day

A

Circumstantiality

35
Q

Starts talking about trivial information rather than focusing on main topic in conversation.

A

Tangentially

36
Q

Motionless for long periods of time, coma-like

A

Stupor

37
Q

Maintaining a specific position for an extended period of time

A

Wavy flexibility

38
Q

Nonspecific feeling that a client has lost their personality
- self is different or unreal

A

Depersonalization

39
Q

Main antidepressant used to treat depression in patients with psychotic disorders
- don’t abruptly stop!

A

Paroxetine

40
Q

_______-generation antipsychotic (typical)
- ex. haloperidol, loxapine, perphenazine
- treat positive symptoms of psychotic disorders
- adverse effects: EPS, sedation, anticholinergic effects, NMS

A

First

41
Q

_________-generation antipsychotics (atypical)
- ex. clozapine, iloperidone, lurasidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, paliperidone, ziprasidone
- treat positive and negative symptoms
- adverse effects: agranulocytosis, orthostatic hypotension, mild EPS, hyperprolactemia

A

Second

42
Q

Includes acute dystonia, akathesia, tardive dyskinesia, pseudoparkinsonism, NMS

A

EPS

43
Q
  • S/SX: Severe spasm of tongue, neck, face, back
  • Tx: benztropine, diphenhydramine(Benadryl)
  • NSG: stay with client, monitor airway
A

Acute dystonia

44
Q
  • S/Sx: bradykinesia, rigidity, shuffling gait, drooling, tremors(pill-rolling)
  • Tx: benztropine, diphenhydramine(Benadryl)
  • NSG: risk for falling
A

Pseudoparkinsonism

45
Q
  • S/Sx: Inability to sit or stand still, continually pacing and agitation
  • Tx: benztropine, beta blockers, lorazepam/diazepam
  • NSG: monitor for risk of suicide
A

Akathisia

46
Q
  • CM: late EPS; involuntary movements of tongue, face, arms, legs; lip smacking, tongue fascinations
  • NSG: lower dosage, or switch to SGA
A

Tardive dyskinesia

47
Q
  • S/Sx: severe muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, diaphoresis, tachycardia, fluctuations in BP
  • Tx: dantrolene, acetaminophen (antipyretic)
  • NSG: STOP ANTIPSYCHOTIC, monitor v/s, apply cooling blankets, increase fluids
A

NMS

48
Q
  • SGA
  • AGRANULOCYTOSIS!!
  • monitor CBC/WBC/ANC
  • weekly labs for 6 months than every other week
  • increase risk of seizures and increase secretions
A

Clozapine

49
Q
  • SGA
  • increased weight gain and hyperglycemia
  • give at night; fall risk
A

Olanzapine

50
Q
  • SGA
  • given sublingually
  • SE: numb tongue, odd taste
  • do not eat or drink for ten minutes after taking
A

Asenapine

51
Q
  • SGA
  • long acting injectable: long term maintenance of schizophrenia
A

Risperdone

52
Q
  • SGA
  • extended release tablets/injections
    SE: weight gain, sedation, musculoskeletal pain
A

Paliperidone

53
Q
  • SGA
  • give with 500 calories of food!
  • can prolong QT (get baseline EKG and monitor)
A

Ziprasidone

54
Q
  • SGA
  • MUST TITRATE! (over 4 days to minimize orthostatic hypotension)
  • SE: anticholinergic effects
A

Iloperidone

55
Q
  • SGA
  • give with 350 calories of food
  • take once a day
  • SE: nausea, sedation, akathisia
A

Lurasidone

56
Q
  • SGA
  • SE: sedation/drowsiness, cataracts, anticholinergic effects
A

Quetiapine

Mental Health Final Exam (2 decks)

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