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Mental Health Final Exam > Schizoprenia > Flashcards

Schizoprenia Flashcards

1
Q

Severe chronic/biological disorder that destroys tissue and disrupts brain circuit and neural connectivity

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q

Symptoms last at least how long for Schizophrenia?

A

6 months

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3
Q

Can schizophrenia be cured?

A

No

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4
Q

Features of schizophrenia but lasting only 1-6 months

A

Schizophreniform

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5
Q

Has symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorder like bipolar and depression

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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6
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- may have schizoid or schizotypal personality
- quiet, passive, introverted, solitary activities

A

Premorbid

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7
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- subtle gradual decline over 2 years
- early symptoms not specific to psychosis

A

Prodromal

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8
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- first psychotic episode: delusions, hallucinations, bizarre behavior, angry outbursts, social withdrawal
- EARLY TREATMENT MEANS LESS DAMAGE!
- good response if med adherence
- dx usually occurs here!

A

Acute psychosis

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9
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- brain is damaged by recurrent psychotic episodes
- associated with treatment resistance
- WARNING SIGN: INSOMNIA

A

Relapse

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10
Q

The stage of schizophrenia:
- chronic state of unremitting positive, negative and cognitive symptoms
- severe social and vocational withdrawal

A

Residual

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11
Q

The highest rate of ________ in a patient with schizophrenia occurs after the patient is discharged from the hospital

A

Suicide

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12
Q

The gold standard used for measuring the symptom severity and treatment efficiency in schizophrenia

A

Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS)

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13
Q

_________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- delusions
- hallucinations
- altered/disorganized speech
- catatonia

A

Positive

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14
Q

___________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- affective flattening
- alogia
- anergia
- avolition
- anhedonia
- social withdrawal

A

Negative

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15
Q

____________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- inability to make decisions
- decreased attention/focus
- decreased short term memory
- decreased problem-solving/abstract thinking

A

Cognitive

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16
Q

_________ symptoms of schizophrenia
- depression
- irritability
- suicidal ideation
- hopelessness

A

Mood

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17
Q

Damage to frontal/parietal lobe
- poor insight - of illness/situation
- increased refusal of treatment and poor medication adherence

A

Anosognosia

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18
Q

Fixed, false beliefs
- cannot be corrected by reasoning
- usually bizarre
- “delulu”

A

Delusions

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19
Q

Believes that certain gestures, comments, or cues are directed at oneself, despite evidence to the contrary
- ex. believes that someone who is in the distance who is talking about their meal is talking about them

A

Ideas of reference

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20
Q

Unfounded fear that people are out to harm them
- use projection and displacement
- RISK FOR VIOLENCE!
- NSG: provide personal space, make sure have exit, approach in calm manner, assess threat, decrease stimuli

A

Persecution

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21
Q

Belief that outside forces are controlling their actions
- CONTROL OVER BODY AND MIND
- ex. thought insertion, thought deletion, and thought broadcasting

A

Control

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22
Q

Belief in unrecognized power, fame, wealth, talent, identity, or genius
- can be symptom of paranoia, mania or dementia

A

Grandiose

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23
Q

Is obsessed with religious beliefs
- NSG: remain passive and refer to clerical professional

24
Q

Beliefs that another person, usually a stranger, high status, or famous, is in love with him/her
- NSG: refer to specialist who looks at cycles and patterns of behavior

A

Erotomanic

25
Beliefs that their body is diseased or that their body is changing in an unusual way - ex. Infestation, foul body odor, growing third arm - NSG: present reality without disproving, redirecting and limit discussion of content
Somatic
26
Belief that things, including self or part of ones body, do not exist - the world is reduced to nothingness - believing major catastrophe will occur
Nihilistic
27
False sensory perceptions without real external stimulus - can be auditory, visual, olfactory, gustatory, tactile - NSG: decrease stimuli, ask what they see/hear, present nurses reality, distract/redirect, administer PRNs
Hallucinations
28
Unconscious inability to concentrate on a single thought - shifting between unrelated topics - leaps from one topic to another
Associative looseness
29
Quickly moving from one idea to another
Flight of ideas
30
Made-up words that have meaning only to client
Neologisms
31
The client repeats words spoken to them Ex. Mocking bird
Echolalia
32
Meaningless rhyming of words, often forceful - Ex. “Oh box, fox, and lox”
Clang association
33
Words jumbled together with little meaning or significance to listener - ex. “hip hooray, the flip is cast and wide sprinting in the forest”
Word salad
34
Including multiple and unneeded details during a conversation - ex. Describing great detail about weather and clothes when asked about plan for the day
Circumstantiality
35
Starts talking about trivial information rather than focusing on main topic in conversation.
Tangentially
36
Motionless for long periods of time, coma-like
Stupor
37
Maintaining a specific position for an extended period of time
Wavy flexibility
38
Nonspecific feeling that a client has lost their personality - self is different or unreal
Depersonalization
39
Main antidepressant used to treat depression in patients with psychotic disorders - don’t abruptly stop!
Paroxetine
40
_______-generation antipsychotic (typical) - ex. haloperidol, loxapine, perphenazine - treat positive symptoms of psychotic disorders - adverse effects: EPS, sedation, anticholinergic effects, NMS
First
41
_________-generation antipsychotics (atypical) - ex. clozapine, iloperidone, lurasidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, paliperidone, ziprasidone - treat positive and negative symptoms - adverse effects: agranulocytosis, orthostatic hypotension, mild EPS, hyperprolactemia
Second
42
Includes acute dystonia, akathesia, tardive dyskinesia, pseudoparkinsonism, NMS
EPS
43
- S/SX: Severe spasm of tongue, neck, face, back - Tx: benztropine, diphenhydramine(Benadryl) - NSG: stay with client, monitor airway
Acute dystonia
44
- S/Sx: bradykinesia, rigidity, shuffling gait, drooling, tremors(pill-rolling) - Tx: benztropine, diphenhydramine(Benadryl) - NSG: risk for falling
Pseudoparkinsonism
45
- S/Sx: Inability to sit or stand still, continually pacing and agitation - Tx: benztropine, beta blockers, lorazepam/diazepam - NSG: monitor for risk of suicide
Akathisia
46
- CM: late EPS; involuntary movements of tongue, face, arms, legs; lip smacking, tongue fascinations - NSG: lower dosage, or switch to SGA
Tardive dyskinesia
47
- S/Sx: severe muscle rigidity, sudden high fever, diaphoresis, tachycardia, fluctuations in BP - Tx: dantrolene, acetaminophen (antipyretic) - NSG: STOP ANTIPSYCHOTIC, monitor v/s, apply cooling blankets, increase fluids
NMS
48
- SGA - AGRANULOCYTOSIS!! - monitor CBC/WBC/ANC - weekly labs for 6 months than every other week - increase risk of seizures and increase secretions
Clozapine
49
- SGA - increased weight gain and hyperglycemia - give at night; fall risk
Olanzapine
50
- SGA - given sublingually - SE: numb tongue, odd taste - do not eat or drink for ten minutes after taking
Asenapine
51
- SGA - long acting injectable: long term maintenance of schizophrenia
Risperdone
52
- SGA - extended release tablets/injections SE: weight gain, sedation, musculoskeletal pain
Paliperidone
53
- SGA - give with 500 calories of food! - can prolong QT (get baseline EKG and monitor)
Ziprasidone
54
- SGA - MUST TITRATE! (over 4 days to minimize orthostatic hypotension) - SE: anticholinergic effects
Iloperidone
55
- SGA - give with 350 calories of food - take once a day - SE: nausea, sedation, akathisia
Lurasidone
56
- SGA - SE: sedation/drowsiness, cataracts, anticholinergic effects
Quetiapine

Mental Health Final Exam (2 decks)

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