SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDER AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDER Flashcards
Ref: DSM V TR
Question 1
Scenario: Jason, a 25-year-old man, has been experiencing persistent auditory hallucinations for the past three months, where he hears voices commenting on his actions. He also has delusions that the government is monitoring his every move. His speech is often disorganized, and he struggles to maintain coherence during conversations. Jason’s functioning has significantly declined, particularly in his ability to maintain a job and social relationships. Despite the ongoing hallucinations and delusions, there is no significant mood disturbance. Which diagnosis best fits Jason’s condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because his hallucinations and delusions are coupled with significant functional decline and disorganized speech over a period exceeding one month.
b) Delusional Disorder because he has persistent delusions, although the presence of hallucinations and disorganized speech suggests otherwise.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of his odd beliefs about government surveillance, even though hallucinations are not typical of this disorder.
d) Schizophrenia because of the presence of significant mood disturbance, even though it does not persist throughout the illness.
a) Schizophrenia because his hallucinations and delusions are coupled with significant functional decline and disorganized speech over a period exceeding one month.
A 30-year-old woman, has experienced intermittent delusions for the past year, including believing she has a special relationship with a famous celebrity. She has also had episodes of auditory hallucinations. However, her mood has been stable, and she has not exhibited disorganized speech or behavior. She maintains a stable job and has close relationships with her family and friends. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because she experiences both delusions and hallucinations, even though her functioning is largely unaffected.
b) Delusional Disorder because her delusions are prominent, and her mood and functioning remain largely unaffected.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of her odd beliefs, even though her delusions are not typical of this disorder.
d) Schizophrenia because she has had these symptoms for over a year, even though there is no functional decline.
b) Delusional Disorder because her delusions are prominent, and her mood and functioning remain largely unaffected.
A 19-year-old college student, has always been socially awkward and has few friends. Over the past two years, he has developed odd beliefs, such as thinking he can predict the future through his dreams. He is also excessively suspicious of others, thinking that they talk about him behind his back. However, he has never experienced hallucinations or delusions, and his functioning in school has remained stable. Which diagnosis best fits his condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because his suspiciousness and odd beliefs suggest a psychotic disorder.
b) Delusional Disorder because of his odd beliefs, even though they are not fixed delusions.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of his odd beliefs, social anxiety, and lack of close relationships, with no hallucinations or delusions present.
d) Schizophrenia because of the persistent odd beliefs, even though he lacks other core symptoms.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of his odd beliefs, social anxiety, and lack of close relationships, with no hallucinations or delusions present.
A 40-year-old woman, has recently become convinced that her neighbors are plotting against her, a belief that has persisted for several months. She experiences no hallucinations or disorganized speech and continues to function well at work. She has no history of major mood disturbances, and her beliefs have not caused any significant distress or impairment in other areas of her life. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because of the paranoid thoughts, although the lack of other symptoms suggests otherwise.
b) Delusional Disorder because her paranoia is limited to delusions without other symptoms of schizophrenia.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of her paranoid thoughts, even though there is no odd behavior or eccentricity.
d) Schizophrenia because the duration of her symptoms suggests a chronic condition.
b) Delusional Disorder because her paranoia is limited to delusions without other symptoms of schizophrenia.
A 32-year-old woman, has recently started experiencing auditory hallucinations and has become convinced that her thoughts are being broadcasted to others. She also has episodes where she becomes very suspicious of others, thinking they are out to harm her. These symptoms have been present for the past eight months, and she has begun withdrawing from her social activities, which she previously enjoyed. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because of the combination of hallucinations, delusions, and a significant decline in social functioning over a period of more than six months.
b) Delusional Disorder because of her persistent paranoid thoughts, even though the presence of hallucinations suggests otherwise.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of her paranoid ideation and withdrawal from social activities, even though hallucinations are not typical of this disorder.
d) Schizophrenia because the duration of symptoms exceeds the typical period for a brief psychotic disorder.
a) Schizophrenia because of the combination of hallucinations, delusions, and a significant decline in social functioning over a period of more than six months.
A 22-year-old college student, has been experiencing bizarre delusions for the past four months, including believing that she is being controlled by an external force. She also hears voices that seem to command her to do things, and her speech has become increasingly disorganized. These symptoms have significantly impacted her academic performance, and she has withdrawn from her social circles. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because of the presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and significant functional decline.
b) Delusional Disorder because of her bizarre delusions, even though hallucinations and disorganized speech suggest otherwise.
c) Schizotypal Personality Disorder because of the social withdrawal, although the presence of hallucinations and delusions suggests a different diagnosis.
d) Schizophrenia because of the persistent symptoms that exceed the typical duration for a brief psychotic disorder.
a) Schizophrenia because of the presence of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and significant functional decline.
A 29-year-old woman, has been experiencing auditory hallucinations and believes that her neighbors are conspiring to harm her. These symptoms have been present for six months. In addition, she has episodes of severe depression that last for a few weeks, during which she feels hopeless and loses interest in her usual activities. However, the hallucinations and delusions persist even when she is not depressed. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because her symptoms include hallucinations and delusions persisting for six months, with functional decline.
b) Schizoaffectiv:e Disorder because she has a major mood episode concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia, but the hallucinations and delusions persist even in the absence of mood symptoms.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because her symptoms include hallucinations and delusions, though they persist beyond one month.
d) Schizophrenia because of the presence of persistent psychotic symptoms and severe depression, though the depression might suggest a different diagnosis.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because she has a major mood episode concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia, but the hallucinations and delusions persist even in the absence of mood symptoms.
A 24-year-old man, suddenly started hearing voices and became convinced that his co-workers were plotting against him. His speech became disorganized, and he struggled to focus on tasks at work. These symptoms lasted for three weeks, after which his symptoms resolved, and he returned to his previous level of functioning. Which diagnosis best fits his condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because his symptoms included hallucinations and disorganized speech, even though the duration of the episode was less than six months.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because his symptoms were severe, though there was no concurrent mood episode.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because the duration of his symptoms was less than one month, and he returned to his premorbid level of functioning afterward.
d) Schizophrenia because of the sudden onset of psychotic symptoms, although the short duration suggests a different diagnosis.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because the duration of his symptoms was less than one month, and he returned to his premorbid level of functioning afterward.
A 33-year-old woman, has been experiencing delusions and auditory hallucinations for the past eight months. She believes that she is being followed by government agents and hears voices commenting on her actions. During this time, she has also experienced episodes of mania, where she feels excessively energetic and engages in risky behaviors. The psychotic symptoms persist even when she is not experiencing mania. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because her symptoms include delusions and hallucinations for more than six months, though the presence of mania suggests a different diagnosis.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because she has a major mood episode (mania) concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia, but the psychotic symptoms persist even when she is not manic.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because she experiences delusions and hallucinations, though the duration and presence of mood symptoms suggest otherwise.
d) Schizophrenia because of the persistence of psychotic symptoms, even though they occur with mood episodes.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because she has a major mood episode (mania) concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia, but the psychotic symptoms persist even when she is not manic.
A 40-year-old man, has been experiencing auditory hallucinations and delusions for the past four weeks. He believes that his family members are imposters and that his house is bugged by secret agents. However, these symptoms suddenly disappear after four weeks, and David returns to his normal self with no residual symptoms. Which diagnosis best fits his condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because he experiences hallucinations and delusions, though the short duration suggests otherwise.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because of the severity of the psychotic symptoms, although there is no concurrent mood episode.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because the duration of the psychotic episode was less than one month, and he returned to his premorbid level of functioning afterward.
d) Schizophrenia because of the persistence of psychotic symptoms, even though they resolved within a month.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because the duration of the psychotic episode was less than one month, and he returned to his premorbid level of functioning afterward.
A 28-year-old woman, has been experiencing delusions and disorganized speech for the past seven months. She believes that she has special powers to communicate with extraterrestrial beings. Her functioning has significantly declined, and she has become socially withdrawn. However, she has not experienced any mood episodes during this period. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because her symptoms include delusions and disorganized speech, persisting for more than six months, with a significant decline in functioning.
b) Schizoaffective Disorder because of the presence of delusions, although there is no concurrent mood episode.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because of the presence of psychotic symptoms, though the duration and functional decline suggest otherwise.
d) Schizophrenia because of the persistence of psychotic symptoms without any mood episodes.
a) Schizophrenia because her symptoms include delusions and disorganized speech, persisting for more than six months, with a significant decline in functioning.
A 32-year-old woman, began experiencing severe paranoia and visual hallucinations shortly after starting a new prescription medication for chronic pain. The symptoms started within a week of beginning the medication and persisted until the medication was discontinued, after which the symptoms gradually diminished. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because the onset of psychotic symptoms occurred after a new medication, suggesting a potential link.
b) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because the symptoms are directly related to the treatment of a medical condition, although the cause is more likely the medication itself.
c) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the psychotic symptoms developed soon after starting the medication and resolved after discontinuation.
d) Schizoaffective Disorder because of the presence of severe paranoia, even though the timing suggests a different cause.
c) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the psychotic symptoms developed soon after starting the medication and resolved after discontinuation.
A 28-year-old man, was recently hospitalized after experiencing intense visual hallucinations and delusions that his neighbors were plotting against him. His symptoms started shortly after a heavy weekend of alcohol consumption. Despite stopping drinking, his symptoms persisted for another month before gradually improving. Which diagnosis best fits his condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because of the persistence of psychotic symptoms beyond one month, though the link to substance use suggests otherwise.
b) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the symptoms began after alcohol use and persisted for about a month after cessation.
c) Brief Psychotic Disorder because of the sudden onset of symptoms, though the duration and connection to alcohol suggest otherwise.
d) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because the symptoms are related to a substance, even though the condition is not a general medical one.
Answer Key: b) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the symptoms began after alcohol use and persisted for about a month after cessation.
b) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the symptoms began after alcohol use and persisted for about a month after cessation.
A 50-year-old woman, has been experiencing auditory hallucinations and delusions of grandeur for the past seven months. She believes she has a special connection with a higher power. During this period, Linda has also been diagnosed with a brain tumor, and her symptoms have been worsening as the tumor has grown. Which diagnosis best fits her condition and why?
a) Schizophrenia because her symptoms have persisted for more than six months, though the presence of a brain tumor suggests another cause.
b) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because the psychotic symptoms are directly related to the brain tumor.
c) Schizoaffective Disorder because of the severity of the psychotic symptoms, though there is no concurrent mood episode.
d) Brief Psychotic Disorder because the symptoms might be related to the acute onset of the tumor, though the duration suggests otherwise.
Answer Key: b) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because the psychotic symptoms are directly related to the brain tumor.
b) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because the psychotic symptoms are directly related to the brain tumor.
A 30-year-old man, was admitted to the emergency room after a sudden onset of paranoia and hearing voices telling him to flee the country. He had been using methamphetamine heavily for several weeks, and his symptoms started during a binge. Despite stopping the drug, the symptoms persisted for two more weeks. Which diagnosis best fits his condition and why?
a) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the psychotic symptoms began during a methamphetamine binge and persisted briefly after stopping.
b) Schizophrenia because of the presence of auditory hallucinations and paranoia, though the link to substance use suggests otherwise.
c) Psychotic Disorder Due to a General Medical Condition because of the severity of the symptoms, though methamphetamine use is the more likely cause.
d) Brief Psychotic Disorder because of the sudden onset of symptoms, even though they are linked to substance use.
a) Substance or Medication-Induced Psychotic Disorder because the psychotic symptoms began during a methamphetamine binge and persisted briefly after stopping.
