Schizophrenia - psychological explanations Flashcards
1
Q
Norman and Malla - stressful life events
A
- meta-analysis
- found that severity of symptoms over time correlated with life events suggesting that such events act as stressor for those already predisposed to schizophrenia
- issue with measurement of stree; likelihood of reciprocal influences and inadequate assessment of symptoms
2
Q
Horan - stressful life events
A
- patient samples have lower levels of such events than general population
- not the number of events important but the ability of patient being able to cope with such events
3
Q
Day - stressful life events
A
- cross-cultural study
- higher rates of stressful events in 2-3 weeks preceding onset of schizophrenia
- study demonstrates that life event methodologies originating in developed countries can be adapted for international studies and may be used to collect reasonably reliable and comparable cross-cultural data
4
Q
Ventura and Horan - stressful life events
A
- found that stressful life events precede the onset of symptoms
- rather small but address causality issue rather well
5
Q
Butzlaff - expressed emotion
A
- meta-analysis
- 89% of studies showed significant association between EE and patient relapse
6
Q
Bebbingtom and Kuipers - expressed emotion
A
- patients living in situations rated as showing high EE had relapse rates of 50% whereas low EE had 21%
7
Q
Pharaoh - expressed emotion
A
- lower relapse rates, reduced hospital admissions and increased compliance with medication for those who used family intervention therapy
- evidence for role of EE as training reversed the initial cause of relapse
8
Q
King - expressed emotion
A
- 28 participants and their mothers interviewed at 9 month intervals
- critical comments and emotional over-involvement tended to be influenced by severity of symptoms
- EE is an effect rather than cause
9
Q
Vaughn and Leff - expressed emotion
A
- 51% relapse in those in high EE homes
- 13% relapse in those in low EE homes
