Schizophrenia: Classifications of schizophrenia Flashcards
What’s SZ?
A type of psychosis where thoughts and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.
A psychological condition characterised by a loss of contact with reality.
What % of the population is affected by SZ at one point in their lives?
1% —> most common psychotic disorder
What does a clinician use to diagnose SZ?
Diagnostic manual.
DSM-V in USA.
ICD-11 in Europe.
What’s the difference between positive and negative symptoms?
Positive - an excess/distortion of normal functioning
Negative - a dimunation/ loss of normal functioning
Most common positive symptoms of SZ?
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganised thoughts/speech
Grossly disorganised behaviour
What are hallucinations?
Distortions/ exaggerations of perception in any of the senses, most notably auditory hallucinations
What are the 4 different types of hallucinations?
Auditory (hearing voices)
Visual (seeing people that aren’t actually there)
Olfactory (smell)
Tactile (feeling)
What are delusions?
Firmly held incorrect beliefs that are caused by distortions of reasoning or misinterpretations of perceptions or experiences.
Beliefs that are not based in reality
What are the 3 different types of delusions?
Delusions of:
Grandeur (inflated beliefs in one’s power)
Persecution (paranoia)
Control
Most common negative symptoms of SZ?
Speech poverty (alogia)
Avolition
Affective flattening
Anhedonia
What’s speech poverty?
lessening of speech fluency and productivity, which reflects in slowing or blocked speech
What’s avolition?
Reduction, difficulty or inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed behaviour
What’s affective flattening?
Reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression
What’s anhedonia?
Loss of interest or pleasure in all or almost all activities
What’s required for a DSM-V diagnosis of SZ?
Criterion A: Two or more symptoms
Criterion B: Social/occupational dysfunction
Criterion C: Consistent signs of disturbance for a duration of 6 or more months
