Schizophrenia Flashcards
What is the definition of psychosis?
Lack of insight leading to inability to destinguish real life from delusion/hallucination
What are the 3 core aspects of schizophrenia?
Thinking
Behaviour
Emotion
What can schizophrenia’s symptoms be divided into?
Positive
Negative
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia? positive = gives the patient something
Hallucination
Delusion
Disordered thinking
What type of hallucination is the most common?
Auditory
Tactile slightly less
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? negative = takes away
Apathy
Lack of interest
Lack of emotion
What are the 4 core ICD-10 symptoms of schizophrenia
Alienation of thought
Delusions of control
Hallucination
Persistent delusion
What does alienation of thought mean?
Either
- Thought broadcasting
- Thought insertion
- Thought echo
What are delusions of control?
That someone else has control of your body/actions
How are persistent delusions defined?
Delusions that are culturally innapropriate or totally impossible
What are the 4 additional ICD-10 symptoms of schizophrenia?
Persistent hallucination
Neologisms
Catatonic behaviour
Negative symptoms
What is considered “persistent hallucination”
Hallucinations every day for 1 month
What are neologisms?
Breaks/sudden changes in thought
What do neologisms lead to in conversation?
Lots of cuts from speech topics
What catatonic behaviour may be seen in schizophrenia?
Negatism
Waxy flexibility
What is waxy flexibility?
Like flexed limbs constantly
What is the ICD-10 requirement for diagnosis?
1 core symptom + 2 additional symptoms for 1 month
Mnemonics for core and additional symptoms?
ADHP
- “Not ADHD but ADHPsychosis”
PNCN
- Practice nothing contribute nothing
What are 6 types of schizophrenia?
Paranoid Hebephrenic Catatonic Undifferentiated Residual Simple
What are genetic causes of schizophrenia?
Neuregulin mutation
Dysbindin mutation
DiGeorge syndrome
What are physical causes of schizophrenia?
Dopamine hypothesis
What is the dopamine hypothesis?
Excess dopamine may lead to schizophrenia
What psychological principle may explain the cause of schizophrenia?
Gestalt psychology
What is gestalt psychology?
A state of fear causes a delusion to allow the brain to make sense of it leading to a breakdown
DDx of schizophrenia?
Schizoaffective disorder
Delerium
Organic cause
What is 1st line treatment?
CBT + antipsychotics
What are some first line antipsychotics?
Risperidone
Aripiprazole
Olanzapine
What drug can be used in treatment resistant schizophrenia?
Clozapine
What drugs can be used if there is cognitive decline?
Cholinesterase inhibitors
What drugs can be used for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
SSRI
SNRI
What is first line mood stabiliser in negative symptom treatment of schizophrenia?
Lamotrigine
What are good prognostic indicators?
Negative FH
Good premorbid personality
Acute onset with prompt treatment
Bad prognostic factors?
+FH
Slow onset
