Schizophrenia

Question 1

What is the definition of psychosis?

Answer 1

Lack of insight leading to inability to destinguish real life from delusion/hallucination

Question 2

What are the 3 core aspects of schizophrenia?

Answer 2

Thinking

Behaviour

Emotion

Question 3

What can schizophrenia’s symptoms be divided into?

Answer 3

Positive

Negative

Question 4

What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia? positive = gives the patient something

Answer 4

Hallucination
Delusion
Disordered thinking

Question 5

What type of hallucination is the most common?

Answer 5

Auditory

Tactile slightly less

Question 6

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? negative = takes away

Answer 6

Apathy

Lack of interest

Lack of emotion

Question 7

What are the 4 core ICD-10 symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 7

Alienation of thought

Delusions of control

Hallucination

Persistent delusion

Question 8

What does alienation of thought mean?

Answer 8

Either

• Thought broadcasting
• Thought insertion
• Thought echo

Question 9

What are delusions of control?

Answer 9

That someone else has control of your body/actions

Question 10

How are persistent delusions defined?

Answer 10

Delusions that are culturally innapropriate or totally impossible

Question 11

What are the 4 additional ICD-10 symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 11

Persistent hallucination

Neologisms

Catatonic behaviour

Negative symptoms

Question 12

What is considered “persistent hallucination”

Answer 12

Hallucinations every day for 1 month

Question 13

What are neologisms?

Answer 13

Breaks/sudden changes in thought

Question 14

What do neologisms lead to in conversation?

Answer 14

Lots of cuts from speech topics

Question 15

What catatonic behaviour may be seen in schizophrenia?

Answer 15

Negatism

Waxy flexibility

Question 16

What is waxy flexibility?

Answer 16

Like flexed limbs constantly

Question 17

What is the ICD-10 requirement for diagnosis?

Answer 17

1 core symptom + 2 additional symptoms for 1 month

Question 18

Mnemonics for core and additional symptoms?

Answer 18

ADHP
- “Not ADHD but ADHPsychosis”

PNCN
- Practice nothing contribute nothing

Question 19

What are 6 types of schizophrenia?

Answer 19

Paranoid
Hebephrenic
Catatonic
Undifferentiated
Residual
Simple

Question 20

What are genetic causes of schizophrenia?

Answer 20

Neuregulin mutation
Dysbindin mutation
DiGeorge syndrome

Question 21

What are physical causes of schizophrenia?

Answer 21

Dopamine hypothesis

Question 22

What is the dopamine hypothesis?

Answer 22

Excess dopamine may lead to schizophrenia

Question 23

What psychological principle may explain the cause of schizophrenia?

Answer 23

Gestalt psychology

Question 24

What is gestalt psychology?

Answer 24

A state of fear causes a delusion to allow the brain to make sense of it leading to a breakdown

Question 25

DDx of schizophrenia?

Answer 25

Schizoaffective disorder
Delerium
Organic cause

Question 26

What is 1st line treatment?

Answer 26

CBT + antipsychotics

Question 27

What are some first line antipsychotics?

Answer 27

Risperidone
Aripiprazole
Olanzapine

Question 28

What drug can be used in treatment resistant schizophrenia?

Answer 28

Clozapine

Question 29

What drugs can be used if there is cognitive decline?

Answer 29

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 30

What drugs can be used for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 30

SSRI

SNRI

Question 31

What is first line mood stabiliser in negative symptom treatment of schizophrenia?

Answer 31

Lamotrigine

Question 32

What are good prognostic indicators?

Answer 32

Negative FH
Good premorbid personality
Acute onset with prompt treatment

Question 33

Bad prognostic factors?

Answer 33

+FH

Slow onset