Schizophrenia

Question 1

Freeman (2007)

Answer 1

Symptom assessment using virtual reality

• in a library or underground train
• 200 non clinical participants
• before given 16 item Green et al
• persecutory ideation
• high score=high persecutory ideation

—>standardised, reliable, low eco validity, rly on self report

Question 2

Gottesman and Shields (1972)

Answer 2

Genetic explanation

-Twin study
- 57 pairs of twins//24MZ,33DZ
-MZ=100%DNA// DZ=50%DNA
-if occurrence is NO higher in MZ than DZ
—>little concordance

—>50%of MZ share condition
—>9% of DZ share the condition

Question 3

Frith (1992)

Answer 3

Cognitive explanation

• (also recognised bio factors)
• ‘abnormality of self monitoring’
• hallucinations= inner speech
• delusion=misinterpreted perception
• impaired theory of mind

—>holistic
—>individual explanation

Question 4

Sensky (2000)

Answer 4

Cognitive behavioural therapy

• cognitive and behaviourist approaches
• talking therapy
• reorganise thoughts
• randomised control therapy compared to ‘befriending’
• 90 patients aged 16-60–>treatment resistant schizophrenia

Question 5

Paul and Lentz (1977)

Answer 5

Token economy

• operant conditioning
• participants rewarded with ‘tokens’ for positive behaviour
• 84 individuals
• compared to milieu therapy and standard hospital treatment
• measured through time sampled observations, standardised questionnaire scales and interviews
• 97% able to live on their own, compared to 71% in milieu and 45% in traditional

Question 6

Lindstrom et al (1999)

Answer 6

Dopamine hypothesis

• brains of people with schizophrenia produce more dopamine
• dopamine is a neurotransmitter
• moved between a synaptic gap
• link between excessive dopamine and positive symptoms of schizophrenia