Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Behavioral Health > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

define delusions

A

fixed beliefs that are not amendable to change in light of conflicting evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

most common type of delusion

A

persecutory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the belief that one is going to be harmed, harassed etc by an individual, organization or group

A

persecutory delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the belief that certain gestures, comments, environmental cues etc are directed at oneself

A

referential delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the belief that they have exceptional abilities, wealth or fame

A

gradiose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

belief that another person is inlove with them (ps this delusion isn’t true)

A

ergotomanic delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the conviction that a major catastrophe will occur (every day in PA school)

A

nihilistic delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the preoccupation on health or organ function

A

somatic delusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

are acute psychoses more or less organized

A

LESS organized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

bizarre, implausible, and not derived from ordinary life experiences

A

delusions of psychotic disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a disturbance in perception that occurs without external stimulus. vivid and clear with full force and impact on normal perceptions.

A

Hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

are hallucinations voluntary or involuntary

A

involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 2 most common hallucinations?

A

sensory and auditory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

thinking is frequently incomprehensible and illogical

A

disturbance of thought process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

looseness of association, derailment, tangential thought midsentence and incoherent speech

A

disturbance of thought process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

normal human thinking has 3 characteristics

A

content (any delusions or obsessions)
form: how thoughts are linked together
stream/flow: how it is being thought about, amount, and speed of thinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

content of the speech moves quickly and from one idea to another so that the one train of thought is not carried to completion befor another takes place.

A

flight of ideas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

with flight of ideas is the normal logical sequence of ideas preserved?

A

yes, actually it is. There is a sense of direction and form. However, thoughts are linked by distracting cues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

three types of verbal distractions that prompt flight of ideas

A

clang associations, puns, and rhymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

does looseness of association demonstrate a sense of direction

A

NO!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

overinclusiveness

A

continually disrupting flow of thought by including irrelevant information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

coining new words which often have a symbolic meaning to them

A

neologism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

blocking

A

speech halted midsentence then picked up moment/minutes later, usually in another place (can represent intrusive hallucinations)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

clanging

A

chooses next words and themes based on the sound of the words he is using rather than the thought content (often rhymes a primary word in one sentence with a word in preceding sentence)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

repeating words or phrases in a musical fashion

A

echolalia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

concreteness

A

patient of normal or above normal IQ thinks in abstract terms poorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

speaking very little (poverty of speech) or speak normal amount, but say little (poverty of speach content)

A

alogia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what condition is alogia common in

A

schizophrenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

is alogia a positive or negative symptom

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what gives a psych patient a MUCH better prognosis?

A

insight into their illness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

examples of abnormal motor behavior (4)

A

strange grimacing/posturing
excessive silliness (childlike)
aggressiveness or unprovoked agitation
sexual inappropriateness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

most common abnormal motor behavior

A

grimacing/ abnormal posturing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

marked decrease in reactivity to surrounding environment

A

catatonic behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

the following are characteristics of what type of behavior?

resistance to instructions (negativism)
maintaining rigid of inappropropriate posture
a complete lack of verbal (mutism) or motor (stupor) response

A

catatonic behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

purposeless and excessive motor activity without obvious cause

A

catatonic excitement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

is catatonic behavior exclusive to schizophrenia?

A

no!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

three positive symptoms

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized/bizarre behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

4 negative symptoms

A

flat affect
alogia
avolition
anhedonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

prosody

A

intonation of speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

decrease in motivated self-initiated purposeful activities

A

avolition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

is psychosis a degree of severity or a specific disorder

A

degree of severity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

a person with grossly impaired sense of reality often coupled with emotional and cognitive disabilities that severely compromises their ability to function

A

psychotic patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

a patient who is likely to talk and act in a bizarre fashion, have hallucinations, or strongly hold ideas that are contrary to fact (delusions)

A

psychotic patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

are psychotic patients confused or disoriented?

A

yes, BOTH!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

do psychotic patients have insight?

A

NO WAY JOSE!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what are major psychotic disorders?

A

conditions that MUST reach psychotic proportions AT SOME TIME during their course (although patients may be non-psychotic most of the time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

psychotic disorders include…

A 
schizotypal personality disorder
delusional disorder
catatonia disorder
brief psychotic disorder
schizophreniform disorder
schizophrenia
schizoaffective disorder
psychotic disorder due to general medical conditions
substance-induced psychotic disorder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

delusion disorder

A

the presence of one or more delusions with a duration of ONE MONTH OR LONGER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

is functioning and behavior markedly impaired and bizarre?

A

nah

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

is it still delusional disorder if manic or major depressive episodes have occured?

A

yes, but they have to be brief relative to the duration of the delusional periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

if the disturbance is due to substance, medical, or other mental disorder is it still delusional disorder?

A

NOPE!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

types of delusional disorder (7)

A 
erotomanic type
grandiose type
jealous type
persecutory type
somatic type
mixed type
unspecified type
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

are delusional patients able to acknowledge that their delusion is irrational?

A

yes, but they can’t accept it themselves

54
Q

gender predominance of delusional disorder

A

there is none!

55
Q

is global functioning of delusional disorder better or worse than schizophrenia

A

BETTER :)

56
Q

does delusional disorder have a stable disease course

A

yes, but few go on to develop schizophrenia

57
Q

delusional disorder’s affect on mood or mood stability

A

there is none!

58
Q

drug of choice to treat delusional disorder

A

anti-psychotics

59
Q

what route should you administer anti-psychotics to an agitated patient

A

IM!

60
Q

are delusional patients likely to accept drugs?

A

no!

61
Q

what is the most common cause of drug failure in delusional patients

A

noncompliance

62
Q

secondary treatment for delusional disorder

A

psychotherapy

63
Q

4 clinical pearls to treating delusional patients with psychotherapy

A

don’t challenge or support delusion
ask for further elaboration of the story
acknowledge that the delusion causes them distress
they are sensitive to criticism so beware

64
Q

criteria of brief psychotic disorder

A

at least one of the following (1-3)

  1. delusions
  2. hallucinations
  3. disorganized speech (frequent derailment or incoherence)
  4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior

for more than one day but less than one month

must return to normal

65
Q

three things to specify in brief psychotic disorder

A

marked stressors
without marked stressors
with postpartum onset

66
Q

turbulent and dramatic with marked emotional labiality with bizarre behavior, confused and incoherent speech, transient disorientation and memory loss, and brief but striking hallucinations and delusion

A

brief psychotic disorder

67
Q

what is the long term prognosis of brief psychotic disorder

A

good if the issue is resolved

68
Q

what is a huge worry with brief psychotic patients

A

suicide

69
Q

treatment for brief psychotic disorder

A

high potnency antipsychotics with anticholinergic medication to stop medication induced movement disorder

70
Q

a disorder that is clinically indistinguishable from brief psychotic disorder and schizophrenia EXCEPT that the symptoms last more than a month but less than 6 months

A

schizophreniform disorder

71
Q

symptom duration of schizophreniform disorder

A

more than 1 month but less than 6

72
Q

what must you rule out before diagnosing schizophreniform disorder

A

organic psychosis

73
Q

how to rule out organic psychosis

A

TSH
brain CT
drug test

74
Q

is prognosis better or worse for schizophreniform disorder than an acute schizophrenic episode

A

BETTER

75
Q

what three things must be ruled out before diagnosing someone with schizophreniform disorder

A

schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features

76
Q

if major depressive or manic episodes occur concurrently with the active-phase symptoms of schizophreniform disorder is it still the diagnosis

A

no

77
Q

if mood symptoms occur during active phase of schizophreniform disorder symptoms is it still the diagnosis?

A

they must be present for a minority of the total duration

78
Q

what are active phase symptoms of schizophreniform disorder

A

delusions
hallucinations
disorganized speech

79
Q

what makes a good prognosis for schizophreniform disorder

A

atleast two of the following

onset of prominent psychotic features within 4 weeks of noticable change in unusual behavior or functioning
confusion or perplexity
good premorbid social and occupational functioning
absence of blunted or flat affect

80
Q

are the characterisitc symptoms of schizophreniform disorder like or unlike schizophrenia

A

they’re identical, in fact

81
Q

how do you differentiate schizophreniform disorder from schizophrenia

A

difference in duration

82
Q

when calculating the duration of schizophreniform disorder do you include prodromal, active, and residual phases?

A

yes

83
Q

how many don’t progress from schizophreniform disorder to schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder

A

1/3

84
Q

provisional schizophreniform disorder

A

2 weeks short of the diagnosis

85
Q

delusions of grandeur, paranoia, deterioration of cognitive function, and personality

A

schizophrenia

86
Q

criteria for diagnosing schizophrenia

A

Two or more of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1 month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3)

1) Delusions
2) Hallucinations
3) Disorganized speech
4) Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
5) Negative symptoms

87
Q

duration of symptoms to diagnose schizophrenia

A

> 6 months of continuous signs of disturbance with 1 month of symptoms (less if successfully treated)

88
Q

what aspects of one’s life must schizophrenia permeate?

A

atleast one or more of (work, interpersonal relations, and self care) is markedly below the level achieved prior to the onset

89
Q

what must you rule out to diagnose schizophrenia

A

schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder

90
Q

what two other medical conditions heightens the threshold for diagnosing schizophrenia

A

autism and communication disorder of childhood onset

91
Q

what additional criteria must be met to diagnose an autistic patient or one with a communication disorder of childhood onset with schizophrenia

A

if prominent delusions or hallucinations, in addition to other required symptoms of schizophrenia are also present for at least 1 month

92
Q

pathognomonic cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dysfunctions of schizophrenia

A

there are none

93
Q

what kind of mood may schizophrenics have

A

dysphoric that can take the form of anxiety, anger, or depression

94
Q

what sleep pattern may schizophrenics have?

A

sleep all day, up all night

95
Q

what type of affect may schizophrenics have

A

inappropriate, laughing at nothing

96
Q

how does schizophrenia affect memory and learning

A

deficits

97
Q

do schizophrenics have insight?

A

nope, but if they do then they’ll have a good prognosis

98
Q

how common is spontaneous or random assult in schizophrenics

A

uncommon even though they can be hostile or aggressive

99
Q

gender predominance of schizophrenia

A

equal

100
Q

peak onset age of schizophrenia in men

A

teens-25

101
Q

peak onset of schizophrenia in women

A

25-30 and women have a second peak in middle age

102
Q

late onset schizophrenia after what age

A

45

103
Q

gender with better outcome of schizophrenia

A

women

104
Q

risk of first degree relative to develop schizophrenia

A

10x

105
Q

does nicotine help or harm schizophrenia functioning

A

help, seems to have less hallucinations

106
Q

three neurotransmitters related in schizophrenia

A

too much DOPAMINE
too much SEROTONIN
NOREPI

107
Q

schizophrenia’s affect on the brain

A

loss of brain volume, decreased axon density, dendrites, and synapses

108
Q

residual phase of schizophrenia

A

Thinking and speech are vague and seen by other as odd
Become convinced that they are different from others
May believe they have special powers and sensitivities, have mystical or psychic experiences
Personal appearance and manners deteriorate
Affect often blunted, flat, or inappropriate
Although maintain close to normal intelligence, performance on cognitive tests is modest
Frequently anhedonic

109
Q

is the disease still present if psychosis resolves in schizophrenia

A

yes!

110
Q

suspect suicide in schizophrenic patients with…

A 
Absolute emptiness
Auditory commands to kill themselves
Awareness of the illness
Males
College educated
Young age 
Change in the course of the disease
Living alone
Improvement after a relapse
Dependence on hospital because they have no where else to go
111
Q

what substances do schizophrenics commonly abuse

A

nicotine
alcohol
cannabis
cocaine

112
Q

when can the patients course of schizophrenia be determined

A

first 5 years

113
Q

do positive symptoms in schizophrenia get better or worse with time

A

better

114
Q

do negative symptoms in schizophrenia get better or worse with time

A

worse

115
Q

DDx for schizophrenia

A 
schizophreniform disorder (but 1mo-6mo)
brief psychotic d/o (
116
Q

differentiating MDD or bipolar with psychotic features from schizoid d/o

A

Distinction between schizophrenia VS major depressive or bipolar d/o with psychotic features depends on temporal relationship between mood disturbance and psychosis
If psychosis occurs exclusively during a major depressive or manic episode, the diagnosis is depressive or bipolar d/o with psychotic features

117
Q

strikingly odd or strange, peculiarities of thinking, behavior or appearance but lack psychosis (symptoms are subthreshold and persistent)

A

schizotypal personality disorder

118
Q

lifelong pattern of social withdrawal, not episodic, bland constricted affect, can seem cold/aloof. Lack positive symptoms

A

schizoid personality d.o

119
Q

considerations of treatment for schizophrenia

A

Treatment shaped individually in light of individual, family, and social factors
How the patient is affected by the disorder
How the patient will be helped by therapy
No single therapeutic approach to deal with this multifaceted disorder

120
Q

mainstay of tx for schizophrenia

A

antipsychotics

121
Q

This phase usually lasts 4-8 weeks
Typically associated with severe agitation
Can be from a frightening delusion or hallucination, suspiciousness etc.

A

acute phase

122
Q

goal of schizophrenia tx

A

prevent relapse and improve fxn

123
Q

An uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a major mood episode (major depressive or manic) concurrent with symptoms of schizophrenia

A

schizoaffective d.o

124
Q

Delusions or hallucinations for 2 or more weeks in the absence of a major mood episode during the lifetime duration of the illness

A

schizoaffective d/o

125
Q

Symptoms that meet criteria for a major mood episode are present for the majority of the total duration of the active and residual portions of the illness

A

schizoaffective d/o

126
Q

to differentiate schizoaffective vs bipolar/depression with psychotic features

A

The delusions or hallucinations must be present for at least 2 weeks in the absence of major mood episode
Need very good history, disease progress info to make accurate dx

127
Q

common onset of schizoaffective disorder

A

adulthood

128
Q

prognosis for schizoaffective d/o

A

Prognosis better than schizophrenia, but worse than for mood disorders

129
Q

culture bound psychotic syndromes

A

Amok and koro

130
Q

amok

A

Murderous frenzy
Seen in Papua New Guinea
Sudden, unprovoked outburst of wild rage wherein people attack and maim people and animals
Brooding and mild depression precede
After attack, person has no memory and often commits suicide
Tx by overpowering person; attack lasts a few hours

131
Q

koro

A

feeling penis is shrinking and will disappear into abdomen

Southeast Asia and some areas of China

Behavioral Health (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions