Schematics ECE Flashcards
Solenoid
A solenoid is an electromagnetic coil that converts electrical energy into mechanical work.
Negative Path of car
The car does not wire a negative path back to the battery instead it just has a wire from the chassis to the negative of the battery instead and lets the signal find its way back.
Switched Ground
Used in cars. Refers to a circuit where the ground connection is switched instead of the power connection.
5 stages of basic PLC operation
1)Input Scan- Detect state of inputs
2) Program Scan- Check what needs to be done
3) Execute Program Logic: Implement what the rules state
4) Update outputs: Update the outputs, to operate output devices
5) Housekeeping: Self- diagnostics, communications and reporting
Actuator
a device that produces motion by converting energy and signals going into the system into rotary and linear motion.
Most common solenoid circuit setup
Ground connects to a coil, voltage connects to a switch which opens when power flows through the coil side.
Modbus
Uses Send-Request(Master slave where the slaves respond to the queries from the master but not general packet broadcasts), Can communicate over RS-232, RS-485,RS-422, and Ethernet
Modbus Query (Master packet and slave response)
Master sends Slave address->Function code->Data->CRC Check
Slave response Request-Data, CRC error check(error response)
Function Code
1 byte code that tells a slave what kind of action to take.
TCP/IP
Transmission control protocol internet protocol. Packet switching
Application layer- (SMTP, HTTP FTP)Gets the data from the program and talks to the transport layer through a port)
Transport layer- TCP will cut data into packets once in the transport layer. Headers are also added into the packet so the packets are properly reassembled along with error checking info and pushed to the internet layer.
Internet Layer- Uses Internet protocol to attach the origin and destination IP address and send to the final network Layer
Network Layer- Handles MAC addressing so its sent to the right machine and converts the data to electrical inpulses.
Ethercat
Ethernet for Control Automation Technology (EtherCAT). It’s based on the CANopen protocol and on Ethernet but differs from internet communication or network communications in being specifically optimized for industrial automation control.
EtherCAT is a fast and deterministic network, and processes data using dedicated hardware and software. It uses a full duplex, master-slave configuration, and accommodates any topology. It can process 1,000 I/O points in 30 microseconds and communicate with 100 servo axes in 100 microseconds. The axes receive set values and control data and report actual position and status. Axes are synchronized using a distributed clock technique that’s a simple version of IEEE 1588 and reduce jitter to less than 1 microsecond.
The EtherCAT protocol delivers fast throughput because messages are processed in hardware before they’re forwarded to the next slave. Slaves read data relevant to them as the data frame passes and they insert new data into that same data stream on the fly. This doesn’t depend on the run-time of the protocol stack, so processing delays are typically just a few nanoseconds.
Pneumatics
containing or operated by air or gas under pressure.
Splice
A splice is the joining of two or more conductors together in a manner that results in a permanent electrical termination and mechanical bond, and may be completed by either crimp or solder process.
Relay
A relay is an electromagnetic switch that opens and closes circuits electromechanically or electronically.
What does the aux axis refer to? Example for C3D?
An extra mechanism which you add to your robot cell to add extra degrees of freedom or extend the robots range of motion. We use rotational tables.
manifold
manifold is a fluid or gas distribution system or device that serves to bring many valves into one place or a single channel into an area where many points meet.
Jumper
jumper is a short length of conductor used to close, open or bypass part of an electronic circuit
Open circuit
An open circuit is one where the continuity has been broken by an interruption in the path for current to flow. (Very high resistance caused sometimes by a switch)
Short circuit
When there is an unwanted path of very low resistance in an electric circuit
Gate
A device that has multiple inputs and a single output
Oscillator
Converts DC to AC
Busway
An enclosed system used for power transmission that is voltage and current rated.
Alternator
A machine used to generate alternating current by rotating conductors through a magnetic field.
Resistors Connected in SERIES
Current flows in turn through each of them.
R1+R2+R3…etc =RESISTANCE TOTAL
Resistors in PARALLEL
Current passes through them at the same time,each provides its own circuit.
1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 = 1/TOTAL=Resistance total
power train
the mechanism that transmits the drive from the engine of a vehicle to its axle.
Brushless motor
Electric motor that uses magnets instead of brushes to rotate the motor’s rotor.
Brushed motor
Uses Brushes to rotate the motors rotor. Causes alot of friction and heat which is why we move to brushless.
Encoder
Encoders convert motion to an electrical signal that can be read by some type of control device in a motion control system, such as a counter or PLC. The encoder sends a feedback signal that can be used to determine position, count, speed, or direction
VMR
Virtual Measuring Room-
Gateway
On premise data gateway
Relay output module
A relay output module is a type of digital output module that provides a complete absence of leakage current and voltage when ‘off’
Modbus
Modbus is a data communications protocol which has become a de facto standard communication protocol and is now a commonly available means of connecting industrial electronic devices.
Anybus
Anybus enables any industrial device to communicate on any industrial network. Get connected to industrial Ethernet, fieldbus or IoT-clouds — wired or wirelessly.
Ecoswitch
An eco-switch is a simple and inexpensive energy-saving device that lets you relocate the power point switch to a more convenient spot where you can turn multiple appliances on and off
Switched mode power supply
A switched-mode power supply (switching-mode power supply, switch-mode power supply, switched power supply, SMPS, or switcher) is an electronic power supply that incorporates a switching regulator to convert electrical power efficiently.
Servopack
SERVOPACKs are fully digital, networkable servo amplifiers that offer the output needed for precise, high-speed actuation of one or two axes of servo motor motion.
servomotor
A servomotor is a special type of electric motor that can rotate precisely to a desired position, speed, and torque.
enterprise gateway
E-STOP
Causes a fault
door open
causes a pauses verses e-stop that faults
Electrodes
An electrode is a conductor that is used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit(Like the stim you use)
OSSD
electronic device used as part of the safety system of a machine. It provides a coded signal which, when interrupted due to a safety event, signals the machine to shut down.
coupling
coupling is the desirable or undesirable transfer of energy from one medium, such as a metallic wire or an optical fiber, to another medium.
de-coupling
In electronics, decoupling is the prevention of undesired electrical energy transfer (coupling) between subsystems
Termination
A wire termination is the work performed to the end of a wire that allows it to connect to a device
airfoil
a streamlined body that is capable of generating significantly more lift than drag.
Electromagnetic coil
An electromagnetic coil is an electrical conductor and are used in applications where electric currents interact with magnetic fields. Either an electric current is passed through the wire of the coil to generate a magnetic field, or conversely, an external time-varying magnetic field through the interior of the coil generates an EMF (voltage) in the conductor.
proportional valve
a proportional is a valve that produces an output that is proportional to the electrically controlled input.
