schachter and singer Flashcards
two-factor theory of emotion
Both physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation are necessary. Pretty much means that when people become aroused they look for cues as to why they feel the way they do.
type of experiment
A lab experiment
how were the participants observed
through a one-way mirror
participants
184 male college students came for extra credit
IV & DV
IV:
1. The info about the adrenalin given to the subjects
2. The situation (euphoria or anger)
DV: Participants emotional state
participants state
- Epinephrine Informed (Epi Inf)
- Epinephrine Ignorant (Epi Ign)
- Epinephrine Misinformed (Epi Mis)
- Placebo
situation 2
- The stooge acted friendly and started to play with the items in the room. Stooge encouraged the participant to join him. (Euphoria)
- Stooge acted angry (because of the questionnaire) and ripped up his paper. (Anger)
condition (7)
Epi Ign– (1)euphoria and (2)anger
Epi Inf– (3) euphoria and (4)anger
Placebo– (5)euphoria and (6)anger
Epi Mis– (7) euphoria
euphoria results
Misinformed felt the happiest
Ignorant came in second
anger reults
Ignorant felt the angriest
Placebo came in second
(more susceptive to the stooge because they had no explanation of why their bodies felt as they did)
The informed were least angry
weaknesses
- Lacked ecological validity
- Bad sample (all male, all students, approximately the same age)
- Questioned on ethical ground (injecting people with adrenaline without consent)
- Results weren’t impressive
- 5 subjects were excluded because they may have found out what the study was about
- No assessment of subjects mood before injection (maybe they were extremely happy or exceptionally angry)
strengths
- Amount of control in their procedure
2. Large number of participants
