Scapular Region Flashcards
What bony landmarks does the deltoid attach to?
1) anterior border of the clavicle
2) acromion spine of the scapula
3) deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
What bony landmarks does the supraspinatus attach to?
1) supraspinous fossa of the scapula
2) superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
What bony landmarks does the infraspinatus attach to?
1) infraspinous fossa of the scapula
2) middle facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus
What bony landmarks does the teres minor attach to?
1) upper 2/3 of the dorsal surface of the lateral border of the scapula
2) inferior facet of the greater tubercle fo the humerus
What bony landmarks does the teres major attach to?
1) inferior angle of the scapula
2) medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
What bony landmarks does the subscapularis attach to?
1) subscapular fossa of the scapula
2) lesser tubercle of the humerus
What are the actions of the anterior deltoid?
1) Humeral flexion
2) medial rotation of the humerus
What are the actions of the middle deltoid?
1) humeral ABduction
What are the actions of the posterior deltoid?
1) Humeral extension
2) Lateral rotation of the humerus
3) horizontal extension of the humerus
What are the actions of the supraspinatus?
1) initiates humeral ABduction
2) lateral rotation of the humerus
3) GH joint stabilization
What are the actions of the infraspinatus?
1) lateral rotation of the humerus
2) GH joint stabilization
What are the actions of the teres minor?
1) lateral rotation of the humerus
2) GH joint stabilization
What are the actions of the subscapularis?
1) medial rotation of the humerus
2) GH joint stabilization
What are the actions of the teres major?
1) medial rotation of the humerus
2) humeral ADduction
3) humeral extension
What are the borders of the quadrandular space?
1) teres minor
2) teres major
3) long head of the triceps brachii
4) shaft of the humerus
What neurovascular structures go through the quadrangular space?
1) axillary nerve
2) posterior circumflex humeral artery
What ligament is involved in the suprascapular pathway?
Transverse Scapular Ligament
What neurovascular structures go through the suprascapular notch?
1) suprascapular nerve
2) suprascapular artery
What neurovascular structures follow the medial border of the scapula?
1) dorsal scapular nerve
2) dorsal scapular artery
What nerve innervates deltoid?
Axillary
What nerve innervates supraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
What nerve innervates Infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
What muscles do the suprascapular nerve innervate in the scapular region?
1) supraspinatus
2) Infraspinatus
What nerve innervates teres minor?
Axillary nerve
What muscles does the axillary nerve innervate in the scapular region?
1) Deltoid
2) Teres minor
What nerves innervate subscapularis?
1) Upper subscapular nerve
2) Lower subscapular nerve
What nerve innervates teres major?
lower subscapular nerve
What muscles in the scapular region are innervated by the lower subscapular nerve?
1) Subscapularis
2) Teres major
What segments of the spinal cord innervate the deltoid?
C5-C6
What segments of the spinal cord innervate the supraspinatus?
C4-C6
What segments of the spinal cord innervate the infraspinatus?
C5-C6
What segments of the spinal cord innervate the teres minor?
C5-C6
What segments of the spinal cord innervate subscapularis?
C5-C6
What segments of the spinal cord innervate teres major?
C5-C6
What muscles in the scapular region are innervated by segments C5-C6 of the spinal cord?
1) infraspinatus
2) teres minor
3) teres major
4) subscapularis
What branches off of the subclavian artery to become the suprascapular artery?
Thyrocervical trunk
What are the two branches that come off the subclavian artery and bring blood supply to the posterior side of the scapula?
1) dorsal scapular artery
2) Suprascapular artery
What structure does the suprascapular artery travel over to enter the scapular notch?
superior transverse scapular ligament
Which arteries create anastomoses on the posterior side of the scapula?
1) dorsal scapular artery
2) suprascapular artery
3) subscapular artery
4) circumflex scapular artery
Where does the dorsal scapular artery travel in the scapular region?
along the medial border of the scapula
What artery does the subscapular artery branch off of?
Axillary artery
Where does the subscapular artery create an anastomosis with the dorsal scapular artery?
at the inferior angle of the scapula
What artery does the circumflex scapular artery branch off of?
subscapular artery
What ligaments are torn/injured in a shoulder separation injury?
1) Acromiooclavicular ligament
2) Coracoclavicular ligaments
What are the two ligaments that make up the coracoclavicular ligaments?
1) trapezoid ligament
2) conoid ligament
What structure may injure/disrupt the glenohumeral joint space in the event of a shoulder separation injury? Why?
acromion process, the ligaments and muscles that are still attached to the humerus from the scapula can pull the acromion inferiorly into the GH joint space
Why is the GH joint the most commonly dislocated joint in the body?
it’s the most mobile/unstable joint in the body
Why is an anterior dislocation the most common type of dislocation of the GH joint?
There are not any structures stabilizing the inferior aspect of the joint (like the rotator cuff stabilizing the anterior and posterior aspects). Therefore the humerus may be pulled inferiorly with the correct force.
In what position is the arm most vulnerable to a GH joint dislocation?
Abducted
