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Primary Care > Scanning Exam > Flashcards

Scanning Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Purposes

A

-narrow search
-look for red flags
-determine body regions
-identify primary impariments
-improve outcomes
-provide guidance

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2
Q

When to Scan

A
  1. No obvious MOI
  2. Proximal Cause for Distal S/s
  3. Non-mechanical sounding Sx
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3
Q

LQ Scan

A
  1. Vitals***
  2. Observation: posture, plumb line
  3. Gait: look for gross abnormalities
  4. Functional MMts: squats***
  5. Balance Testing***
  6. Clear the spine**
  7. SI Joint Provocation**
  8. Myotomes: include functional testing
  9. Dermatomes
  10. DTR: patellar, med hamstring, achilles
  11. UMN Testing: Babinski, clonus***
  12. Neurodynamic Testing: SLR, slump test**
  13. LE ROM: FABER, flx, DF/PF, toe flx/ext
  14. Pulses (optional)
  15. Lymph Nodes (optional)
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4
Q

UQ Scan

A
  1. Vitals (HR and BP)
  2. CNs (optional)***
  3. Observation: posture, plumb line, head, face, neck, mouth***
  4. Gait: look for gross abnormalities
  5. Clear the spine
  6. UE ROM (apleys)
  7. Dermatomes (C4-T2)
  8. Myotomes (C5-T1)
  9. DTR: bicep, brachioradialis, tricep
  10. UMN Testing: Hoffman’s ***
  11. Upper Limb Tension Testing**
  12. Pulses (carotid, axillary, brachial, radial, ulnar) (optional)
  13. Thyroid (optional)
  14. Lymph Nodes (neck, and axilla) (optional)
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5
Q

Thoracic/Abdominal Scan

A
  1. Observation: posture, plumb line, sitting, rib hump, rashes
  2. Vitals (HR and, BP)
  3. Respiratory Excursion
  4. Clear the spine (sitting, cue for thoracic only)***
  5. DTR: Upper AND lower***
  6. UMN Testing: Upper AND Lower***
  7. Slump Test***
  8. Dermatomes (T2, T5, T8, T10, L1)
  9. Superficial Abdominal Reflex (T7-T12)

10: Aortic Pulse Palpation

  1. Abdominal Palpation

12: Chest Ascultation (heart and lungs) (optional)***

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6
Q

Observations from Behind

A

Even: ears, scapula, ribs, arm gaps, iliac crests, PSIS, booty cheeks, knees, how many toes can you see?
-knee valgum/varum

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7
Q

Observations from Side

A

-spinal curves
-ears even with acromion
-ASIS to PSIS angle
-knee recurvatum

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8
Q

Observations from Front

A

Even: ears, clavicles, niples, arm gaps, iliac crests, ASIS, greater troch, knees, foot arch
-knee valgum/varum

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9
Q

Gait Observations

A

-decreased WB
-hip, ankle, foot
-BOS
-flat food
-shuffling

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10
Q

Functional Movements

A

Squat:
-how low
-lean
-trunk // to tibia
-DF
-knee
-arms
-hips
-asymetries/leaning

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11
Q

Balance Testing

A

-Eyes open and closed
-bilat and SL

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12
Q

Myotome Testing

A

-fatiguable weakness=nerve root
-constant weakness=MMT

-C5-T1
-L2-S1

Heel (L4) and Toe walking (S1/S2)

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13
Q

Dermatome Testing

A

-test face first

-C4-T2
-L2-S2

T2: arm and axilla
T5: Nipplie line
T8: xiphoid process
T10: umbilicus
L1: inguinal

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14
Q

Reflex Testing

A

0: no response
1: low
2: normal
3: brisk
4: very brisk
5: sustained/clonus

C5: biceps
C6: brachiorad
C7: Triceps
L4: patellar
L5: medial hamstring
S1: achilles

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15
Q

UMN Signs

A

-babinski
-clonus

UE: Hoffman’s

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16
Q

Clearing the Spine

A

Normal: flx/ext, LSB, rot

Provocation: compression and distraction, 5-8s

Lumbar, cervial Spine and SI joint

17
Q

ROM

A

LQ:
-FABER
-FADIR
-hip and knee ex
-toe flx/ext

UQ:
-hold and check for s/s

18
Q

Straight Leg Raise

A

-test for sciatic n

  1. actively raise leg
  2. passively raise leg
  3. flex/ext head
  4. DF finally

Pain in 0-30: acute/severe MSK
Pain in 30-70: nerve issue
Pain >70: not positive
Crossed SLR sign: opposite s/s, disc protrusion

19
Q

Slump Test

A

-test neuromobility

  1. Hands behind back
  2. Head and neck flexed
  3. Lumbar flx
  4. Straighten knee
  5. overpressure
  6. DF of ankle
20
Q

Pulses

A

-Carotid, axilla, brachial, radial, ulnar
-femoral, popliteal, post tib, dorsalis pedis

0: absent
1: reduced
2: slightly reduced
3: normal
4: bounding

21
Q

Lymph Nodes

A

-inguinal area, axilla, neck (behind ears and jaw)
-check for swelling, pain

22
Q

Upper Limb Tension Testing

A
  1. Use elbow to depress scap
  2. Abduct
  3. Extend wrist and fingers
  4. ER
  5. Elbow extension
  6. Lat sidebending

+ Findings: differences btw sides, different elbow ROM, reproduction of s/s

23
Q

Respiratory Excursion

A

-watch

Manual:
-symmetry
-upper: anterior/posterior
-Middle: bucket handle, med/lat
-Lower: caliper/ in and out

24
Q

Superficial Abdominal Reflex

A

-stroke in each of 4 quadrants in counterclockwise motion
-Upper: t7-t9 (right below xiphoid)
-lower: t10-t12 (under belly button)

+: abdomen contraction toward stimulus, normal

  • : absense is abnormal
25
Q

Aortic Pulse Palpation

A

-supine with knees flexed to relax tissue
-left side of linea alba
-check for bounding or pain and size (more tthan 1-2 fingers)

0: absent
2: normal
4: bounding

26
Q

Abdominal Palpation

A

-knees bent
-starts superficial then deep

LUQ: stomach, L kidney, liver

RUQ: liver, gallbladder, r kidney

LLQ: sigmoid colon, L ovary, spermatic cord

RLQ: appendex, r ovary, colon

27
Q

Chest Ascultation

A

Heart:
-aortic, tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral (top r, bottom r, top L, bottom far L)

Respiratory:
-3 on each side

28
Q

Lab Values

A

Hemoglobin: 12-18
- <8: no exercise
->10: resistve as allowed

Hematocrit: 37-52%
-<25: no exercise
->30: resistve as allowed

WBC: 4,500-11,000
-<1,000 mask and no exercise
-1,000-5,000 light or no

Platlets: 150,000-450,000
-<20,000 no exercise
-20-30: light
-30-50: moderate
->50: resistive as tolerated

Glucose: 80-120
-<70: snack
->180-200: insulin

Fastin Blood Glucose: 70-110

Primary Care (7 decks)

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