SC1 States of Matter Flashcards
Define mixture
A substance made of more than one thing not chemically bonded together
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What is the change from a solid to a liquid called?
Solid to liquid – melting
What is it called when a gas turns directly into a solid?
Deposition
What is it called when a solid turns directly into a gas?
Sublimation
If the temperature is above the melting point of a substance but below the boiling point of a substance what state will it be in?
Liquid
If the temperature is below the melting point of a substance and below the boiling point of a substance what state will it be in?
Solid
If the temperature is above the melting point of a substance and above the boiling point of a substance what state will it be in?
Gas
What is the change from a liquid to a gas called?
Liquid to gas – evaporation
What is the change from a gas to a liquid called?
gas to liquid – condensation
What is the change from a liquid to a solid called?
liquid to solid – freezing
Describe the arrangement of the particles in a solid
particles closely packed, in a regular arrangement
Describe the arrangement of the particles in a liquid
particles closely packed, but in a random arrangement
What is sublimation?
When a solid turns directly into a gas
Describe the arrangement of the particles in a gas
particles spaced far apart in a random arrangement
A substance has a melting point of 25 C and a boiling point of 235 C. What state is it at 5 C?
Solid
A substance has a melting point of -125 C and a boiling point of -35 C. What state is it at 15 C?
Gas
A substance has a melting point of -25 C and a boiling point of 35 C. What state is it at 25 C?
Liquid
Explain how the particles change in arrangement when a solid turns to a liquid
As particles gain energy they overcome the forces holding them in place and are able to move around past each other.
Explain how the particles change in arrangement when a liquid turns into a solid
As particles lose energy, they slow down and the forces between them pull them together and until they are close together.
Explain how the particles change in arrangement when a gas turns into a liquid
As particles gain energy they overcome the forces holding them together and are able to move freely in all directions filling the space
Explain how the particles change in arrangement when a liquid turns into a gas
As particles lose energy, they slow down and the forces between them hold them in position forming a regular arrangement
What two properties do physical changes have?
They are reversible and no new substances are formed
Give some examples of physical changes
melting, boiling, condensation, freezing
What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?
Chemical changes are hard to reverse and form new substances. Physical changes are reversible and do not form any new substances. (i.e. ice and water are both made of H2O)
Sketch a heating curve and label solid, liquid, gas, melting, boiling
