sc

Question 1

“As the weather gets colder, so do the nights.”
“As the weather gets colder, so it is that the nights do.”

Answer 1

Front: Correct: “As the weather gets colder, so do the nights.” Incorrect: “As the weather gets colder, so it is that the nights do.”
Back: The “as…so” structure requires parallelism. The sentence parts following ‘as’ and ‘so’ should mirror each other in structure for a clear comparison. The incorrect example adds unnecessary words, disrupting the parallel structure.

Question 2

“Like with her sister, she excels in mathematics.”
“Like her sister, she excels in mathematics.”

Answer 2

Front: Correct: “Like her sister, she excels in mathematics.” Incorrect: “Like with her sister, she excels in mathematics.”
Back: Use “like” for straightforward comparisons between nouns or pronouns. “Like with” is incorrect because it disrupts the direct comparison. “Like” should directly precede the noun or pronoun being compared.

Question 3

“His style like that Hemingway’s, is concise.”
“His style, like Hemingway’s, is concise.”
“His style, like that of Hemingway, is concise.”

Answer 3

Front: Correct: “His style, like Hemingway’s, is concise.” or “His style, like that of Hemingway, is concise.”
Incorrect: “His style like that Hemingway’s, is concise.”
Back: Avoid using “that” in simple comparisons. It’s used for defining or specifying in more complex sentences. The incorrect example interrupts the flow of the comparison and is grammatically incorrect.

Question 4

“As demand increases, so does supply.”
“As demand increases, so it is that supply does.”

Answer 4

Front: Correct: “As demand increases, so does supply.” Incorrect: “As demand increases, so it is that supply does.”
Back: Avoid redundancy in comparisons. Phrases like “so it is that” are unnecessary and make the sentence awkward. The correct structure directly parallels the two compared elements without extra words.

Question 5

“whether it has been altered since completion and whether Leonardo da Vinci first sketched the figure in black, a practice employed”
“whether it was altered since completion and whether Leonardo da Vinci first sketched the figure in black, as was done”

Answer 5

the word “since” requires the present perfect (have attracted)to show that the event started in the past, but is still going on today.
“whether it has been altered since completion and whether Leonardo da Vinci first sketched the figure in black, a practice employed”

Question 6

The TGV, France’s high-speed train, set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, which shuttles passengers from Lorraine to Champagne-Ardenne and averages over 293 kilometers per hour (173 miles per hour).

C. set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, it shuttles
D. which set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, shuttles

Answer 6

The TGV, France’s high-speed train, set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, which shuttles passengers from Lorraine to Champagne-Ardenne and averages over 293 kilometers per hour (173 miles per hour).

C. set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, it shuttles
D. which set a record in 2007 to become the fastest nonmagnetic train, shuttles

D is correct as C has run on sentence

Question 7

A block of multimedia text differs from a paragraph in that the work is necessarily fragmented

(A) in that the
(B) since the
(C) because of the
(D) due to the
(E) that the

Answer 7

I didn’t understand the question at all, but I solved it using the SC principles.

A. Correct
B. Wrong: “since” (to indicate causality) is wrong in SC, ONLY in SC. “since” is valid in SC, if it refers to time.
C .Wrong: clauses cannot be located after “because of”
D. Wrong: “due to” means “caused by”. It doesn’t match in this sentence.
E. Wrong: Usually, a relative clause inside other relative clause is wrong.

Question 8

“Because of the rain was heavy, the event was canceled.”
“Because of the rain, the event was canceled.”

Answer 8

Front: Correct: “Because of the rain, the event was canceled.” Incorrect: “Because of the rain was heavy, the event was canceled.”
Back: “Because of” should be followed by a noun or noun phrase, not a clause. A clause has a subject and a verb, which “because of” cannot introduce. The correct sentence uses “because of” followed by the noun phrase “the rain”. An incorrect usage mistakenly follows “because of” with a clause “the rain was heavy”. If you need to use a clause, use “because”: “Because the rain was heavy, the event was canceled.”

Question 9

The writings of Jorge Luis Borges have been compared to many other authors. Franz Kafka and James Jovce in particular, but with a style that is unique.

“those of many other authors, Franz Kafka and James Joyce in particular, but, in fact, his style is unique.”

“many other authors, Franz Kafka and James Joyce in particular, but with a style that is unique.”

“that of many other authors, Franz Kafka’s and James Joyce’s in particular, but with a unique style”

Answer 9

Front: Correct: “those of many other authors, Franz Kafka and James Joyce in particular, but, in fact, his style is unique.” Incorrect: “many other authors, Franz Kafka and James Joyce in particular, but with a style that is unique.”
Back: The correct sentence uses “those of” to clearly refer to the writings of other authors, ensuring a proper and clear comparison. It compares Borges’s writings (“those of”) with the writings of other authors, specifically Kafka and Joyce. The incorrect sentence lacks this clear referent, making the comparison ambiguous. Additionally, the correct sentence concisely states that Borges’s style is unique, avoiding the awkward and less clear phrasing “but with a style that is unique.”

Question 10

“Many classic novels, such as ‘Pride and Prejudice’ and ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ explore themes of social justice and morality.”

“Many classic novels, like ‘Pride and Prejudice’ and ‘To Kill a Mockingbird,’ explore themes of social justice and morality.”

Answer 10

In the correct example, “such as” is appropriately used to introduce specific examples of classic novels. In the incorrect example, “like” is used instead of “such as,” which is less appropriate for listing examples. “Like” is generally used for comparisons, not for providing examples.

Question 11

“The menu offers a variety of vegetarian dishes, like tofu stir-fry, vegetable curry, and mushroom risotto.”

“The menu offers a variety of vegetarian dishes, including tofu stir-fry, vegetable curry, and mushroom risotto.”

Answer 11

In the correct example, “including” is properly used to introduce specific examples of vegetarian dishes. In the incorrect example, “like” is inappropriately used where the intention is to list examples of dishes. “Like” is generally better suited for drawing comparisons rather than listing specific examples.

Question 12

“His behavior is like a lion’s, fierce and commanding.”

Playing squash, just like playing soccer, is a great way of staying fit

Answer 12

Such as vs. Like
○ Such as (examples)
○ Like = comparison (similar to)
○ Never use “like” to introduce examples… use “Such as” or “Including”

Question 13

John has joined Biotech industry as his brother.

Answer 13

Should be:
* John has joined Biotech industry as his brother did.
* John has joined Biotech industry like his brother.

Question 14

“The cancellation was due to the rain.”
“He missed the bus due to waking up late.”

Answer 14

“Due to” modifies nouns and is generally used after some form of the verb “to be.” It’s typically used to give the reason for a noun’s state or condition. In the correct example, “due to the rain” modifies the noun “cancellation.” In the incorrect example, “due to” improperly attempts to modify the verb phrase “missed the bus,” which requires “because of.”

Question 15

“The cancellation was because of the rain.”
“He missed the bus because of waking up late.”

Answer 15

“Because of” modifies verbs and is used to indicate the cause of an action. It gives the reason why something happens. In the correct example, “because of waking up late” explains why “he missed the bus.” In the incorrect example, “because of” is awkwardly used with the noun “cancellation,” where “due to” would be more appropriate.

Question 16

“She asked whether he would attend the meeting.”

“She asked if he would attend the meeting “

Answer 16

“Whether” is used when indicating two or more alternatives or when the statement is followed by “or not.” It is often the correct choice in formal writing when referring to a situation with two distinct possibilities. In the correct example, “whether” properly introduces the alternatives (attending or not attending the meeting).

“If” is used to introduce a conditional clause and is suitable when there are no explicit alternatives or ‘or not’ scenario. It is appropriate when the focus is on a single conditional possibility. In the correct example, “if” introduces the condition of coming to the party.

Question 17

“Let me know whether you will be coming to the party or not.”

Question 18

“Choose between the many colors available.”
“Choose between the red and blue shirts.”

Answer 18

Front: Correct: “Choose between the red and blue shirts.” Incorrect: “Choose between the many colors available.”
Back: “Between” is used when referring to distinct, individual items, usually two. It emphasizes one-to-one relationships. In the correct example, the choice is clearly between two specific shirts. In the incorrect example, “between” is improperly used for a choice among multiple items, where “among” would be more appropriate.

Question 19

“She is popular among her classmates.”
“She had to choose among the red and blue shirts.”

Answer 19

Front: Correct: “She is popular among her classmates.” Incorrect: “She had to choose among the red and blue shirts.”
Back: “Among” is used when referring to things that are part of a group or mass of items, typically more than two. It is used when the items are part of a collective or undefined group. In the correct example, “among” is used correctly to indicate a relationship within a group. In the incorrect example, the choice is between two distinct items, making “between” the appropriate word.

Question 20

“His advice is always valuable, the more so because of his extensive experience.”

“His advice is always valuable, the more so he has experience.”

Answer 20

Front: Correct: “His advice is always valuable, the more so because of his extensive experience.” Incorrect: “His advice is always valuable, the more so he has experience.”
Back: “The more so” is used to emphasize a particular reason that adds to a previous statement, making it more significant or true. It’s typically followed by a clause starting with “because” or a similar word to explain why the first part of the statement is particularly true or important. In the correct example, “the more so” is used effectively to emphasize why his advice is valuable (because of his extensive experience). In the incorrect example, the structure is awkward and does not properly convey the intended meaning. The phrase “the more so” should lead into a reason or explanation, not just be followed by a phrase or clause without a conjunction.

The more so = even more so
○ Examples:
○ 1. The play was impressive, [all] the more so because the students had written it
themselves. (all is not necessary)
○ Same as saying: The play was impressive, even more so because the students had written
it themselves.
○ 2. Like the Dreyfus affair at the turn of the century and the Sacco-Vanzetti trial in 1921,
the Hiss case became the political cause of an era, the more so because it was the first
time a congressional hearing was shown on television.

Question 21

I consider Karen a friend
I consider Karen as a friend
I consider Karen to be a friend

Answer 21

“Consider” is directly followed by an object and a complement without any preposition.

Correct: I consider Karen a friend

Question 22

“He is widely regarded to be an expert in his field.”
“He is widely regarded as an expert in his field.”

Answer 22

Front: Correct: “He is widely regarded as an expert in his field.” Incorrect: “He is widely regarded to be an expert in his field.”
Back: “Regard as” is the correct construction when expressing an opinion or perception about someone or something. It directly links the subject with the complement (the opinion or perception), forming a statement of equivalence. In the correct example, “regarded as an expert” clearly conveys the opinion that he is an expert. The incorrect example, “regarded to be an expert,” uses an unconventional and awkward construction that is not standard in English.

Question 23

“She views him to be a reliable leader.”
“She views him as a reliable leader.”

Answer 23

Front: Correct: “She views him as a reliable leader.” Incorrect: “She views him to be a reliable leader.”
Back: “View as” is the correct construction for expressing a perception or opinion about someone or something. It directly connects the subject with the complement (the opinion or perception), forming a statement of equivalence. In the correct example, “views him as a reliable leader” clearly conveys the perception that he is a reliable leader. The incorrect example, “views him to be a reliable leader,” uses a non-standard and awkward construction that is not typically used in English.

Question 24

“She prefers reading to watching TV.”
“She prefers reading over watching TV.”

Answer 24

Front: Correct: “She prefers reading to watching TV.” Incorrect: “She prefers reading over watching TV.”
Back: “Prefer to” is used to indicate a preference between two actions, typically with verbs or verb phrases. It is structured as “prefer [verb/verb phrase] to [verb/verb phrase].” In the correct example, the preference is clearly between two activities: reading and watching TV. The incorrect example mistakenly uses “over” where “to” is the appropriate preposition for comparing actions.

Question 25

"MY dog was estimated to be 4 years old" "The shelter estimated my dog at 4 years old"

Answer 25

ESTIMATE TO BE vs. Estimate at ○ Correct: MY dog was estimated to be 4 years old. ○ Wrong: The shelter estimated my dog at 4 years old

Question 26

The bar prohibits that anyone under 21 sits at the bar The bar prohibits anyone under the age of 21 to sit in the area The bar prohibits from sitting in the are for anyone under the age of 21

Answer 26

PROHIBIT FROM vs. Prohibit that vs. Prohibit to ○ Prohibit from: I was prohibited from X. ○ WRONG: The bar prohibits that anyone under 21 sits at the bar. ○ WRONG: The bar prohibits anyone under the age of 21 to sit in the area.

Question 27

The test forbids students from using mechanical pencils. The test forbids students to use mechanical pencils. The test forbids that students use their own mechanical pencils.

Answer 27

FORBID TO vs. Forbid from vs. Forbit that ○ RIGHT = Forbid to ○ WRONG: The test forbids students from using mechanical pencils. ○ WRONG: The test forbids that students use their own mechanical pencils.

Question 28

My shoes are different from Deven's My shoes are different than Deven's

Answer 28

DIFFERENT FROM vs. Different than ○ DIFFERENT FROM is always the right usage in comparisons ○ EX: My shoes are different FROM Deven's.

Question 29

"It's important to distinguish facts from opinions." "It's important to distinguish between facts and opinions."

Answer 29

Front: Correct: "It's important to distinguish facts from opinions." Incorrect: "It's important to distinguish between facts from opinions." Back: "Distinguish X from Y" is used to directly compare two things and emphasize the differences between them. This construction clearly separates X and Y. In the correct example, the sentence directly contrasts "facts" and "opinions." The incorrect example mixes the constructions, leading to a grammatical error. DISTINGUISH X FROM y vs. Distinguish between x and y ○ Distinguish... from = right

Question 30

"I need to decide whether or not to attend the meeting." "I need to decide whether to attend the meeting."

Answer 30

Front: Correct: "I need to decide whether to attend the meeting." Incorrect: "I need to decide whether or not to attend the meeting." Back: "Whether" is used to present two alternatives implicitly, where "or not" is usually understood. Adding "or not" can be redundant. The phrase should be concise and direct. In the correct example, "whether to attend the meeting" clearly suggests the choice between attending and not attending. The incorrect example adds "or not," which is unnecessary and can be seen as redundant in formal writing and on tests like the GMAT.

Question 31

"She is skilled in both mathematics as well as science." "She is skilled in both mathematics and science."

Answer 31

Front: Correct: "She is skilled in both mathematics and science." Incorrect: "She is skilled in both mathematics as well as science." Back: The correct structure "both X and Y" is used to emphasize the inclusion of two elements or aspects. It's straightforward and not redundant. In the correct example, "both mathematics and science" clearly includes the two subjects together. The incorrect example, "both mathematics as well as science," is redundant because "both" and "as well as" serve the same function, making one of them unnecessary. The standard and concise way to express this idea is simply "both X and Y."

Question 32

"He had many water in his glass." "He had many questions about the topic."

Answer 32

"Many" is used with countable nouns, which can be individually counted. In the correct example, "questions" is a countable noun, so "many" is used correctly to indicate a large number of questions. In the incorrect example, "water" is uncountable, so "much" should be used instead of "many."

Question 33

"There isn't much happiness in his life." "There isn't much chairs in the room."

Answer 33

Front: Correct: "There isn't much happiness in his life." Incorrect: "There isn't much chairs in the room." Back: "Much" is used with uncountable nouns, which cannot be individually counted. In the correct example, "happiness" is an uncountable noun, so "much" is used correctly to describe the quantity of happiness. In the incorrect example, "chairs" is a countable noun, so "many" should be used instead of "much."

Question 34

There are fewer students in the class. There is fewer traffic on the road.

Answer 34

Front: Correct: "There are fewer students in the class." Incorrect: "There are fewer traffic on the road." Back: "Fewer" is used with countable nouns, which are things that can be counted individually. In the correct example, "students" is a countable noun, so "fewer" is used appropriately to indicate a smaller quantity. In the incorrect example, "traffic" is not a countable noun, so "less" should be used instead of "fewer."

Question 35

"There is less sugar in the bowl." "There is less books on the shelf."

Answer 35

Front: Correct: "There is less sugar in the bowl." Incorrect: "There is less books on the shelf." Back: "Less" is used with uncountable nouns, which cannot be counted individually because they are often seen as a whole or mass. In the correct example, "sugar" is uncountable, so "less" is used correctly to describe a smaller quantity. In the incorrect example, "books" is a countable noun, so "fewer" should be used instead of "less."

Question 36

"The number of people in the room." "The number of furniture in the room."

Answer 36

Front: Correct: "The number of people in the room." Incorrect: "The number of furniture in the room." Back: "Number of" is used with countable nouns, which can be counted individually. In the correct example, "people" is a countable noun, so "number of" is used appropriately to quantify the countable noun. In the incorrect example, "furniture" is not countable, so "amount of" should be used instead of "number of."

Question 37

"The amount of cars in the parking lot." "The amount of rainfall this month."

Answer 37

Front: Correct: "The amount of rainfall this month." Incorrect: "The amount of cars in the parking lot." Back: "Amount of" is used with uncountable nouns, which cannot be counted individually. In the correct example, "rainfall" is uncountable, so "amount of" is used correctly to quantify the uncountable noun. In the incorrect example, "cars" is countable, so "number of" should be used instead of "amount of."

Question 38

"The numbers more than 50." "The numbers greater than 50."

Answer 38

Front: Correct: "The numbers greater than 50." Incorrect: "The numbers more than 50." Back: "Numbers greater than" is the standard way to express that a quantity is larger or exceeds a specific value. In the correct example, "greater than" is used to compare numbers that are larger than 50. The incorrect example, "more than," is less commonly used in this context and may not sound as natural to native speakers.

Question 39

"There is increased demand in smartphones." "There is increased demand for smartphones."

Answer 39

Front: Correct: "There is increased demand for smartphones." Incorrect: "There is increased demand in smartphones." Back: "Increased demand for" is the standard way to express a rise in demand for a specific product or service. In the correct example, "for smartphones" indicates that the demand for smartphones has increased. The incorrect example, "in smartphones," is less commonly used in this context and may not convey the intended meaning as clearly.

Question 40

"There is decreased availability of the product." "There is less availability of the product."

Answer 40

Front: Correct: "There is decreased availability of the product." Incorrect: "There is less availability of the product." Back: "Decreased availability" is a formal and precise way to indicate that the availability of a product or service has reduced. In the correct example, "decreased availability" clearly conveys this reduction. The incorrect example, "less availability," is less formal but still conveys the same meaning. However, it may be considered less precise in some contexts.

Question 41

"They advocate for environmental protection." "They advocate for the means of environmental protection."

Answer 41

Back: "Advocate for" is the correct way to express support for a cause or idea. It's used when advocating a concept, cause, or action. In the correct example, "advocate for environmental protection" shows support for the cause of protecting the environment. The incorrect example, "advocate the means of environmental protection," is not a standard construction and may lead to confusion

Question 42

"He appears as a skilled musician." "The situation appears to be improving."

Answer 42

both correct APPEAR AS vs. APPEAR TO ○ Appear as = followed by noun ○ Appear to = followed by verb

Question 43

"He earns ten times as much as his friend." "He earns ten times more than his friend."

Answer 43

Front: Correct: "He earns ten times as much as his friend." Incorrect: "He earns ten times more than his friend." Back: "Ten times as much/many as" is the correct construction when making comparisons with numbers. It means that something is ten times the quantity or amount of something else. In the correct example, "ten times as much as" indicates that his earnings are ten times the earnings of his friend. The incorrect example, "ten times more than," is not the standard usage and is considered incorrect in this context.

Question 44

"She is more likely that she wins the race." "She is more likely than him to win the race."

Answer 44

Back: "More likely than" is the correct construction used to compare the likelihood or probability of two events or situations. It indicates that one thing is more probable or likely to occur than another. In the correct example, "more likely than" is correctly used to compare her likelihood of winning to his. The incorrect example, "more likely that," is not the standard usage and is considered incorrect in this context.

Question 45

"She will try and solve the problem." "She will try to solve the problem."

Answer 45

Front: Correct: "She will try to solve the problem." Informal: "She will try and solve the problem." Back: "To try to" is the more grammatically correct form, especially in formal writing and situations where precision is required. It indicates the intention or attempt to do something. In informal spoken language, "to try and" is often used colloquially, but it may not be considered as precise or grammatically correct in formal contexts.

Question 46

"There is prejudice against immigrants." "There is prejudice towards immigrants."

Answer 46

Front: Correct: "There is prejudice against immigrants." Incorrect: "There is prejudice towards immigrants." Back: "Prejudice against" is used when describing a negative attitude directed against a specific group. It refers to bias or discrimination aimed at that group. In the correct example, "prejudice against immigrants" indicates bias against immigrants. The incorrect example, "prejudice towards immigrants," is not the standard usage in this context.

Question 47

"He succeeded not so much because of luck but because of hard work." "He succeeded not so much because of luck as because of hard work."

Answer 47

Front: Correct: "He succeeded not so much because of luck as because of hard work." Incorrect: "He succeeded not so much because of luck but because of hard work." Back: "Not so much... as" is the correct construction used to indicate a contrast between two factors, emphasizing one over the other. It is often used to show that one factor is more important than the other. In the correct example, "not so much because of luck as because of hard work" contrasts luck with hard work. The incorrect example, "not so much because of luck but because of hard work," does not convey the same emphasis on contrast and is not the standard usage. NOT SO MUCH... AS vs. Not so much... but Table of Contents ○ Must be parallel ○ RIGHT: Not so much "because of" X as "because of" Y ○ WRONG: Not so much "because of" X as "the results of" Y ○ WRONG: Not so much... but =

Question 48

"Hopefully, we will finish the project on time." "We will hopefully finish the project on time."

Answer 48

Front: Correct: "Hopefully, we will finish the project on time." Incorrect: "We will hopefully finish the project on time." Back: "Hopefully" should be used at the beginning of a sentence or at the beginning of an independent clause and should be set off by the use of commas. This rule ensures that "hopefully" is used correctly in the context of the GMAT and maintains clarity in the sentence structure.

Question 49

"The team collaborated together to achieve their common goal." correct or wrong?

Answer 49

Redundancy should be avoided in writing. In the incorrect example, "collaborated together" is redundant because "collaborated" already implies working together. It can be made more concise by saying, "The team collaborated to achieve their common goal." Correct: "The team collaborated to achieve their common goal."

Question 50

"I know that Rick is an actor." "I know Rick is an actor."

Answer 50

Front: Correct: "I know that Rick is an actor." Incorrect: "I know Rick is an actor." Back: Using "that" can help clarify sentences and avoid ambiguity. In the correct example, "that" is used to specify that the speaker knows something about Rick being an actor, not necessarily knowing Rick personally. In the incorrect example without "that," the sentence could be interpreted as knowing Rick himself, which can lead to ambiguity.

Question 51

"I went to the store, I bought some groceries." "I went to the store, and I bought some groceries."

Answer 51

Front: Incorrect: "I went to the store, I bought some groceries." Correct: "I went to the store, and I bought some groceries." Back: Answers that connect two independent clauses using only a comma are wrong. This is known as a comma splice. In the correct example, a conjunction ("and") is used to properly connect the two independent clauses, ensuring grammatical correctness.

Question 52

"Bo and Django are inseparable; therefore, we never see them apart." "Bo and Django are inseparable, therefore, we never see them apart."

Answer 52

Front: Correct: "Bo and Django are inseparable; therefore, we never see them apart." Incorrect: "Bo and Django are inseparable, therefore, we never see them apart." Back: Semicolons connect two closely related statements; each statement must be able to stand alone as an independent sentence. They are often followed by a transition expression (e.g., "therefore"), and in such cases, using a semicolon is correct. Using a comma after "therefore" is optional, but using a comma before it is incorrect. Semi-Colons ■ Semicolons connect two closely related statement; each statement must be able to stand alone as an independent sentence ■ Often followed by transition expression (e.g. however, therefore)... still need a semicolon, commas are incorrect ● WRONG: Bo and Django are inseparable, therefore, we never see them apart. ● RIGHT: Bo and Django are inseparable; therefore, we never see them apart. (comma after therefore is optional)

Question 53

"People, who talk loudly on their cell phones in crowded trains, show little respect for other passengers." "People who talk loudly on their cell phones in crowded trains show little respect for other passengers."

Answer 53

Front: Correct: "People who talk loudly on their cell phones in crowded trains show little respect for other passengers." Incorrect: "People, who talk loudly on their cell phones in crowded trains, show little respect for other passengers." Back: Commas that enclose a dependent clause make it a nonessential clause. In such cases, if the clause were removed, the meaning of the sentence wouldn't change. In the correct example, the clause "who talk loudly on their cell phones in crowded trains" is essential to specify which people are being referred to. In the incorrect example, the use of commas incorrectly suggests that this clause is nonessential.

Question 54

"People that are well-informed do well." "People who/whom are well-informed do well."

Answer 54

Front: Correct: "People who/whom are well-informed do well." Incorrect: "People that are well-informed do well." Back: "Who" and "whom" must modify "people"; nothing else can, not even "which." In the correct example, "who" or "whom" is used to correctly modify "people" who are well-informed. In the incorrect example, "that" is incorrectly used to modify "people."

Question 55

"The author whose book I'm reading" "The car whose engine is powerful"

Answer 55

Front: "Whose" can modify either people or things. Back: The word "whose" is versatile in that it can be used to indicate possession or association with both people and things. For example, "The author whose book I'm reading" (people) or "The car whose engine is powerful" (things).

Question 56

"The situation where we faced a crisis was difficult." "I visited the park where I used to play as a child."

Answer 56

Where can be used to modify a noun place; CANNOT modify a “metaphorical” place (e.g. condition, situation, circumstance, arrangement)… in these cases, use In Which instead

Question 57

"He caught up with his sister more rapidly"

Answer 57

WRONG: He caught up with his sister more rapidly… (more rapidly than what? Adverbial modifiers should provide clear and specific information without ambiguity. For example, in the incorrect sentence, "He caught up with his sister more rapidly," it's unclear what "more rapidly" is comparing to. It should specify what he caught up with more rapidly (e.g., "He caught up with his sister more rapidly than he did last time").

Question 58

"She enjoys both swimming and cycling." "She enjoys both swimming and to swim."

Answer 58

Front (Correct): "She enjoys both swimming and cycling." Front (Incorrect): "She enjoys both to swim and cycling." Back: Comparable sentence parts must be structurally AND logically similar. In the correct example, "swimming" and "cycling" are both gerunds (noun forms of verbs) and are structurally and logically similar. In the incorrect example, "to swim" and "cycling" are not structurally similar, and the sentence lacks logical consistency.

Question 59

"There are many dogs WHO eat gourmet food but WHOSE parents never did."

Answer 59

Signal words do not have to be the same word. In the correct example, "who" and "whose" are used as signal words to introduce different clauses, indicating both the action (eating gourmet food) and possession (parents) related to the dogs.

Question 60

"She WILL WALK to school in the morning and RUN home in the afternoon."

Answer 60

Front: Correct: "She WILL WALK to school in the morning and RUN home in the afternoon." Back: You don't always have to repeat words for clarity. In the correct example, "will" is understood to apply to both "walk" and "run," and there's no need to repeat it before "run" for the sentence to be clear.

Question 61

"the rising and running / the uprising and escape" the rising and the running / the uprising and the escape"

Answer 61

Front (Incorrect): "the rising and running / the uprising and escape" Front (Correct): "the rising and the running / the uprising and the escape" Back: Gerunds require repetition for clarity. In the correct examples, "the rising" and "the running" are repeated for each gerund, ensuring clear and unambiguous meaning.

Question 62

"I couldn't decide between pizza, pasta, and burgers for dinner."

Answer 62

This is incorrect because "between" should be used for a choice between two options. Here, there are three options. "I couldn't decide between pizza and pasta for dinner." between X and Y

Question 63

"He tried to distinguish between apples, oranges, and bananas."

Answer 63

incorrect The phrase "distinguish X from Y" is used to express the process of differentiating or contrasting two specific entities. It highlights the differences or distinctions between the mentioned items.

Question 64

"She can easily distinguish her twin sister from other people in the crowd."

Answer 64

correct The phrase "distinguish X from Y" is used to express the process of differentiating or contrasting two specific entities. It highlights the differences or distinctions between the mentioned items.

Question 65

"The experts estimate the cost of the project to be around $1 million."

Answer 65

correct The phrase "estimate X to be Y" is used to express the process of making an estimation or approximation of a value or quantity for X, with the result being Y.

Question 66

"The team estimated the cost of the project around $1 million."

Answer 66

incorrect The phrase "estimate X to be Y" is used to express the process of making an estimation or approximation of a value or quantity for X, with the result being Y.

Question 67

"Whether you choose tea or coffee, you'll enjoy your break."

Answer 67

correct "Whether X OR Y"

Question 68

"Whether he's going to the gym or studying, he's always busy."

Answer 68

This sentence is incorrect because it uses "Whether" to introduce two actions ("going to the gym" and "studying") without offering a clear choice or alternative. It would be better to use "Whether he's going to the gym or whether he's studying."

Question 69

"Many people view Picasso as a pioneering artist."

Answer 69

Correct Usage: Sentence: "Many people view Picasso as a pioneering artist." Explanation: In this sentence, "View Picasso as a pioneering artist" is used correctly to express the perception of Picasso as a pioneering artist.

Question 70

"My car is bigger than Brian’s" "I like cheese more than Julie"

Answer 70

Can omit units, verbs, and even whole clauses from the second term, as long as there is no ambiguity in the comparison ● RIGHT: My car is bigger than Brian’s [car] ● WRONG: I like cheese more than Julie (do you like cheese more than Julie does, or do you like cheese more than you like Julie?) GMAT allows unnecessary helping verbs, but both versions are correct ● RIGHT: Apples are more healthy to eat than burgers. ● RIGHT: Apples are more healthy to eat than burgers ARE.

Question 71

"Like her brother, Rhea aced the exam." "Like her brother did, Rhea aced the exam"

Answer 71

Use Like to compare nouns, pronouns or noun phrases (can also be followed by gerunds, or -ing forms used as nouns) ● Like cannot be followed by verbs (but can be followed by gerunds, which are nouns that look like verbs) ■ As can be used to compare two clauses ● RIGHT: LIKE her brother, Rhea aced the exam. ● WRONG: Like her brother did, Rhea aced the exam

Question 72

"Law students learn to think like a lawyer does" "As her brother did, Rhea aced the exam."

Answer 72

Use Like to compare nouns, pronouns or noun phrases (can also be followed by gerunds, or -ing forms used as nouns) ● Like cannot be followed by verbs (but can be followed by gerunds, which are nouns that look like verbs) ■ As can be used to compare two clauses RIGHT: As her brother did, Rhea aced the exam. ● WRONG: Law students learn to think like a lawyer does. (either as a lawyer does, or like a lawyer)

Question 73

"Her company is outperforming those of her competitors" "Her company is outperforming the companies of her competitors."

Answer 73

Any new copy that or those must agree in number w/ previous version; if you must change number, repeat the noun ● WRONG: Her company is outperforming those of her competitors. ● RIGHT: Her company is outperforming the companies of her competitors.

Question 74

"I believe the machine will be wonderful." "I believe the machine would be wonderful" "I believed the machine would be wonderful."

Answer 74

Present to Future or Past to Conditional ■ RIGHT: I believe the machine will be wonderful. ■ WRONG: I believe the machine would be wonderful. ■ RIGHT: I believed the machine would be wonderful.

Question 75

"She has the ability to speak multiple languages." "She has the ability for speaking multiple languages."

Answer 75

"She has the ability to speak multiple languages." correct Ability TO

Question 76

"The new software allows for better data analysis." "The new software allows to better analyze data."

Answer 76

Correct: "The new software allows for better data analysis." Allows FOR

Question 77

"Being infected makes you sick"

Answer 77

Being (appears in more wrong answers than right ones, but it can be correctly used as a gerund or a participle; Being infected makes you sick is correct grammatically)

Question 78

"She is both intelligent or hardworking." "She is both intelligent and hardworking."

Answer 78

"She is both intelligent and hardworking." Both ... AND

Question 79

"The job posting requires candidates to be fluent in Spanish." "The rules require that the students wear uniforms."

Answer 79

Correct: "The job posting requires candidates to be fluent in Spanish." Explanation: In this sentence, "Require candidates to be fluent in Spanish" is used correctly to express that the job posting demands or necessitates that candidates possess fluency in Spanish. "Require X to be Y"

Question 80

"Linda or Guy has a red car." "Linda or Guy have a red car"

Answer 80

Or = singular ● RIGHT: Linda or Guy has a red car. ● WRONG: Linda or Guy have a red car

Question 81

"Each student has a textbook." "Each student have a textbook."

Answer 81

Each and Every ■ Each or every requires a singular verb form

Question 82

"At current prices, American oil may be worth investing in, if wells can be dug there." "At current prices, oil in America may be worth investing in, if wells can be dug there"

Answer 82

There: “in that place”; should be a noun, not an adjective ● WRONG: At current prices, American oil may be worth investing in, if wells can be dug THERE. ● RIGHT: At current prices, oil in America may be worth investing in, if wells can be dug THERE

Question 83

"Rachel suggested Patrick should make a salad" "Rachel suggested that Patrick make a salad."

Answer 83

When bossy verbs (e.g. recommended, suggested) are used, it must be followed by the command subjective ■ WRONG: Rachel suggested Patrick should make a salad. ■ RIGHT: Rachel suggested that Patrick make a salad.

Question 84

"The plan ensures that action MUST be taken" "The plan ensures that action WILL be taken"

Answer 84

Have to or Must may be used in a redundant matter ● WRONG: The plan ensures that action MUST be taken. (ensured / must = redundancy) ● RIGHT: The plan ensures that action WILL be taken.

Question 85

"She had already finished her homework before going to bed." "She finished her homework before going to bed."

Answer 85

Do NOT use simple form of verb tense when words such as before, when, after, since, by the time are included "She had already finished her homework before going to bed."

Question 86

"Her approach is different from mine." "Her approach is different than mine."

Answer 86

Comparisons ■ NEVER use different than; ALWAYS use different from (which is the opposite of the same as) ■ Different than = wrong in comparisons!

Question 87

"John went to bed. Because he was sleepy."

Answer 87

However, adverb clauses are dependent clauses and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence ○ WRONG: John went to bed. Because he was sleepy.

Question 88

"She is not so old as her sister"

Answer 88

So can be used in comparisons (e.g. She is not so old as her sister) or as an adjective that means “very”

Question 89

"My book, that is on the table, belongs to me."

Answer 89

Incorrect That can ONLY be used in restrictive (NO COMMA)

Question 90

"There is hardly no bread left."

Answer 90

Hardly, barely, rarely, seldom ■ Incorrect to use two negatives together (e.g. hardly no bread left)

Question 91

"She was late because of driving."

Answer 91

Incorrect Because of is immediately followed by a noun or noun phrase; NOT a verb "She was late because of traffic."

Question 92

"The boy acts as if he was stupid" "The boy acts as if (though) he were stupid"

Answer 92

Past tense of the verb Be must always be Were; NEVER was in a contrary to fact sentence ■ WRONG: The boy acts as if he was stupid. ■ RIGHT: The boy acts as if (though) he were stupid.

Question 93

When That is optional vs. mandatory ■ That is usually optional after the following verbs when introducing another clause: Say, Tell, Think, Believe ■ That is usually mandatory after the following verbs when introducing another clause: Mention, Declare, Report, State

Question 94

"The officer insisted that he turn around" The officer insisted that he turned around

Answer 94

Subjunctive ■ Ex: The officer insisted that he turn (not turned) around

Question 95

I am not only good at baseball but also soccer. I am good not only at baseball but also soccer. I am not only good at baseball but also good at soccer.

Answer 95

Inclusives ■ Not only… but also (also is sometimes omitted, but it is best to include it) ● Must be placed immediately before the phrase to which it refers ○ WRONG: I am not only good at baseball but also soccer. ○ RIGHT: I am good not only at baseball but also soccer. ○ RIGHT: I am not only good at baseball but also good at soccer.

Question 96

"Walking to the store, the rain started to fall."

Answer 96

Incorrect Dangling Modifiers: These are phrases or clauses that don't logically or grammatically modify the noun they're intended to modify. For instance, "Walking to the store, the rain started to fall." Here, it seems as if the rain was walking to the store, which is illogical.

Question 97

"She has the ability to solve complex problems." "The ability of solving complex problems is important."

Answer 97

Correct Idiom Usage: 'Ability to' vs. 'Ability of' Rule: The correct idiom is "ability to [verb]" when referring to the capability of performing an action. "Ability of" is used when followed by a noun, typically to show possession or association.

Question 98

"The law is prohibiting companies from dumping toxic waste." "The new policy is prohibiting students from using mobile phones during class hours" "The rule is prohibiting to use the facility after hours"

Answer 98

Correct Idiom Usage: 'Prohibiting from' vs. 'Prohibiting to' Rule: The correct idiom is "prohibiting [noun] from [verb-ing]" when referring to the act of preventing or disallowing an action or activity. "Prohibiting to [verb]" is not the standard form in English and is considered incorrect.

Question 99

"The law requires the document signed by both parties." "The law requires that the document be signed by both parties."

Answer 99

Ordered Actions in English Grammar: When a sentence conveys a command, suggestion, or necessity, the verb form that follows often uses the base form of the verb or the "be + past participle" structure. Examples of structures that require this kind of verb form include sentences that begin with phrases like "It is essential that," "I demand that," "The rule requires that," and so on. Always ensure that the verb form following such structures conveys a clear sense of obligation, command, or necessity. Example: Correct: The law requires that the document be signed by both parties. Incorrect: The law requires the document signed by both parties. (This lacks the necessary "be" to convey the ordered action.) Using the correct verb form ensures clarity and conveys the intended level of obligation or necessity in the action described.

Question 100

1----------- Simple Present---------- will-future 2----------- Simple Past--------- would + infinitive 3----------- Past Perfect--------- would + have + past participle

Question 101

"I found the book that which you recommended." "I found the book that you recommended."

Answer 101

"that which" IS ALWAYS INCORRECT ON THE SC!!

Question 102

"She sings better than she danced yesterday." "She sings better than she danced yesterday."

Answer 102

whenever GMAT talks about comparison between now and a past time, we need to repeat verb form.

Question 103

"They have attracted a large following since they started their YouTube channel."

Answer 103

Correct: word “since” requires the present perfect (have attracted)to show that the event started in the past, but is still going on today.

Question 104

First of all, the phrases "as it can be said", "as it is a fact", and "being a true fact" are wordy pompous monstrosity that would never be correct on the GMAT SC in a million years.