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Question 1

What is the function of the pelvic girdle

Answer 1

1. Transmits the body’s weight from the vertebral column to
   the femur
2. Contains, protects, and supports the pelvic organs (bladder,
   rectum, anal canal, and reproductive tracts)
3. Provides attachment for the lower limbs and trunk
4. Anchors the roots of external genitalia

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

what passes through the obturator canal

Answer 3

obturator nerve and vessel

Question 4

Describe obturator internus

Answer 4

Fan shaped muscle
* Tendon turns 90 degrees
as it passes out through
lesser sciatic foramen
* Covered in obturator
fascia which is thicken as
the tendinous arch

Question 5

Where does the babys head pass through during labour

Answer 5

Pelvic inlet

Question 6

Describe greater (false) pelvis

Answer 6

Region above pelvic inlet
* Anatomically bounded by the:
* lower L5 and S1 vertebrae posteriorly
* flared iliac fossae laterally
* lower part of the anterior abdominal wall anteriorly
* Considered part of the abdominal cavity: Contains sigmoid
colon and loops of ileum
* Role in pregnancy and childbirth by helping to guide the
foetus into the true pelvis during labou

Question 7

Describe lesser (true) pelvis

Answer 7

Area below the pelvic inlet and above the pelvic
outlet
* Includes the true pelvic cavity and deep parts of the
perineum (separated by the pelvic floor)
* Contains the pelvic organs
* Shape and dimensions of true pelvis are of great
importance for obstetricians

Question 8

What is the pelvic outlet enclosed by

Answer 8

pelvic floor

Question 9

Describe the pelvic floor

Answer 9

Forms the inferior boundary of the pelvic
cavity
* Forms the superior boundary of the
perineum
* Bowl or funnel shaped
* Incomplete anteriorly to allow passage of
urethra and vagina ‘urogenital hiatus
* Muscular sling that:
* Supports pelvic viscera (prevents
prolapse)
* Maintains continence
* Maintains closure of rectum and vagina

Question 10

State the differences of boney pelvis between males and females

Answer 10

Question 11

Functions of all parts labelled?

Answer 11

Question 12

Describe three layered wall of uterus

Answer 12

1) Perimetrium – outer serous wall
covering the uterus
2) Myometrium – thick muscular layer,
responsible for process of
parturition
3) Endometrium – inner mucous layer;
site of implantation; thickness
changes through menstrual cycle

Question 13

Role of internal os?

Answer 13

Constricted opening in communication with cervix

Question 14

Role of external os?

Answer 14

Constricted opening in communication with the vagina

Question 15

Properties of Vagina?

Answer 15

Canal for menstruation
* Receives penis during
copulation (semen)
* Birth canal
* Distensible fibromuscular
tube
* Area of vaginal lumen
(surrounding cervix) divided
into 4 parts:
* Anterior, posterior and
left and right lateral
fornices