sb7 Flashcards
why is there a wide range of ADH levels in people without diabetes insipidus?
genetic variation, hydration level
what is a symptom of diabetes insipidus?
dehydration
how does a change in body mass cause a person to develop type two diabetes?
obesity, insulin resistance
how do hormones control the menstrual cycle?
Stages and hormones
-menstrual cycle consists of menstruation, uterus lining
thickening and ovulation
-hormones involved in the menstrual cycle are oestrogen,
progesterone, FSH and LH
Role of the hormones
-FSH stimulates the follicles to mature
-FSH stimulates the production of oestrogen
-oestrogen builds the uterus wall
-oestrogen stimulates the release of LH
-LH triggers ovulation
-corpus luteum produces progesterone
-progesterone maintains the lining of the uterus
Control mechanisms
-oestrogen inhibits the production of FSH
-progesterone inhibits the production of LH and FSH
what is a disadvantage of treating infertility by using hormones to stimulate ovulation?
more than one egg is released which can lead to multiple births
how is blood filtered to remove excess sodium ions and water?
ultrafiltration in the glomerulus where the liquid part of blood passes into the bowman’s capsule.
reabsorption through the tubule into the loop of henle.
urine is produced in the collecting duct and excess fluid and sodium ions are removed.
why is a longer loop of henle beneficial to animals that live in the desert?
need to retain as much water as possible in the desert.
most of the water is absorbed in the loop of henle so a longer loop gives more surface area for water reabsorption.
What is the route that urine takes from the kidney to where to leaves the body?
Through ureter, to the bladder, through the urethra
How is urea formed?
Breakdown of amino acids in the liver
How does adrenaline improve athlete performance?
Increase heart rate, increased blood flow, release glucose from glycogen, increase rate of respiration
