SB3 Flashcards
what is Interphase
The stage where the cell prefers for cell devision. The DNA is replicated during this time
What is a Diploid cell
A cell or nucleus with both sets of chromosomes
What is a Haploid cell
A cell or nucleus with only one of each pair of chromosomes
what is a Zygote
A fertilised egg cell
what is a Embryo
A ball of cells produces be the cell devision of a zygote
What is Mitosis 1/Devision 1
Homologue pairs separate during Mitosis 1
what is Mitosis 2/Devision 2
Sister chromatids separate
what is a Homologous pairs
These are chromosomes pairs one from each parent
What is a chromatid
A chromatid is one of the 46 chromosomes, however in mitosis and meiosis when the chromatid replicates the two joined chromatids are called sisters chromatids
What is a gene
A gene is a section of the long strand of DNA found in a chromosome
What is a genome
All of the DNA of an organism
What is a allele
A different version of a gene
What is Mutation
Mutation is a change to a gene caused by a mistake in cell devision
Can a sperm cell only carry a Y chromosome
No there is a %50 chance that it will be a X chromosome
What sex chromosomes do men and women have
Women have xx and men have xy
What is variation
Variation is the difference in the characteristics of a organism. Caused by mutations during cell devision
what is a Genotype
The alleles in a organismic
What is a gamete
A sex cell
What is a phenotypes
The allele the organism looks and acts like
If you have the Y,y alleles what are is your phenotype and genotype
Genotype Y and y
Phenotype Y
What is a precipitate
A insoluble substance formed when two soluble substances react
What are the four DNA bases
Adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine
What are complementary bases
The bases that go together AT CG
What is in one nucleotide
A base is attached to a sugar(deoxyribose) and the sugar is attached to a phosphate groop
What happens in transcription
RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA in front of a gene. The enzyme separates the DNA strand. The enzyme then moves along the template strand, adding complementary RNA nucleotides. The nucleotides link to form one strand of messenger RNA
What is are the F1 offspring
The offspring of the first generation
