SB1b. PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS Flashcards

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1
Q

aerobic respiration

A

A type of respiration in which oxygen is used to release energy from substances, such as glucose.

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2
Q

cell (surface) membrane

A

the membrane that controls what goes into and out of a cell. it is often called the cell surface membrane because eukaryotic cells contain other structures with membranes.

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3
Q

cell sap

A

liquid found in the permanent vacuole of a plant cell

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4
Q

cell wall

A

a tough layer of material around some cells, used for protection and support. it is stiff and made of cellulose in plant cells

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5
Q

chlorophyll

A

the green substance found inside chloroplasts. it traps energy transferred by light

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6
Q

chloroplasts

A

A green disc containing chlorophyll, found in plant cells. Where the plant makes glucose, using photosynthesis.

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7
Q

chromosome

A

A structure found in the nuclei of cells. Each chromosome contains one enormously long DNA molecule.

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8
Q

cytoplasm

A

The watery jelly inside a cell where the cell’s activities take place.

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9
Q

DNA

A

A substance that contains genetic information. Short for deoxyribonucleic acid.

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10
Q

eukaryotic

A

A cell with a nucleus is eukaryotic. Organisms that have cells like this are also said to be eukaryotic

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11
Q

field of view

A

The circle of light you see looking down a microscope

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12
Q

mitochondrion

A

A sub-cellular structure (organelle) in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, where aerobic respiration occurs. Plural is mitochondria.

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13
Q

nucleus

A

The ‘control centre’ of a eukaryotic cell.

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14
Q

ribosome

A

Tiny sub-cellular structure that makes proteins.

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15
Q

scale bar

A

A line drawn on a magnified image that shows a certain distance at that magnification.

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16
Q

scientific paper

A

an article written by scientists and published in a science magazine called a journal. It is like an investigation report but usually shows the results and conclusions drawn from many experiments.

17
Q

vacuole

A

A storage space in cells. Plant cells have a large, permanent vacuole that helps to keep them rigid.