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B4U3M1 > SATCOM Principles > Flashcards

SATCOM Principles Flashcards

1
Q

What are 4 advantages of SATCOM?

A

1) Mobility/flexibility
2) Beyond line-of-sight (LOS)
3) Coverage
4) Cost effective

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2
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of SATCOM?

A

1) Freq congestion
2) Interference
3) Propagation

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3
Q

What are 4 applications of SATCOM?

A

1) Radio & TV broadcasting
2) Internet
3) Commercial comm
4) Military comm

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4
Q

What are the 2 forms of one-way SATCOM?

A

Broadcast & multicast

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5
Q

What are the 3 SATCOM segments?

A

1) Ground/User
2) Space
3) Link

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6
Q

What are the 3 components of an Earth station?

A

1) Outdoor Unit (ODU)
2) Indoor Unit (IDU)
3) Inter-Facility Link (IFL) [cables]

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7
Q

What are the 5 components of an ODU?

A

1) Antenna & antenna base
2) Feed horn
3) Filters
4) Low Noise Block (LNB)
5) Block Up Converter (BUC)

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8
Q

What are the 3 components of an IDU?

A

1) Modems
2) Satellite receivers
3) Tracking devices

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9
Q

What are the 3 components of an IFL?

A

1) RF signals
2) Monitor & control (M&C)
3) Power

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of SATCOM terminal?

A

1) Fixed
2) Transportable
3) Mobile

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11
Q

A SATCOM satellite contains multiple channels called ________________ that provide bandwidth and power over designated radio frequencies

A

Transponders

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12
Q

What are the 5 functions of a transponder?

A

1) Receive
2) Amplify
3) Filter
4) Convert
5) Rebroadcast

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13
Q

The POTENTIAL data transfer is called…

A

Bandwidth

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14
Q

The ACTUAL data transfer is called…

A

Throughput

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15
Q

What are the 4 data rates and their values?

A

1) Low Data Rate (LDR): less than 64 kbps
2) Medium DR: 64 to <1536 kbps
3) High DR: equal to or >1536 kbps
4) Extreme DR (XDR): 8.192 Mbps

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16
Q

SATCOM terminology to describe the targeting of radio signals from a satellite at a specific point on the earth surface (the use of multiple narrow beams with a focused coverage of a small area):

A

Spot Beams

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17
Q

What are the 3 advatages of spot beams?

A

1) Large increase in overall
capacity
2) Broadband services
long-term viable
3) Flexible spatial
redundancy

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18
Q

What is MBA?

A

Multi-beam Antenna

19
Q

What are the advantages of LEO?

A

Reduced transmission delay
Reduced launch cost
Reduced path loss
Lower power
Great for mobile cellular services

20
Q

What are the disadvantages of LEO?

A

Short visibility from any point on
earth (15-20 min.)
Ground stations Tracking required
Inter-satellite handoffs
Potentially large constellations
Radiation effects on solar cell and
electronics lifetime (Van Allen belt)
Need to compensate for Doppler shift
Atmospheric drag effects

21
Q

What are the advantages of MEO?

A

Visibility for longer periods than LEO (2-8 hrs.)
Larger coverage area than LEO
Wider foot print than LEO
Fewer satellites than LEO

22
Q

What are the disadvantages of MEO?

A

Transmission delay more than LEO
More transmitting power than LEO
Exposed to space debris and atmospheric drag
Weaker signal than LEO

23
Q

Which orbit is most commonly used in SATCOM?

A

GEO

24
Q

What are the advantages of GEO?

A

Global view (three satellites)
No ground station tracking required
No-Inter satellite handoff
Almost no Doppler shift
24 hours view of a particular area

25
Q

What are the disadvantages of GEO?

A

Poor Coverage at high altitudes
(cannot see latitudes > 77˚)
Heavily regulated by the ITU
Long transmission latencies
Weak received signal

26
Q

What orbit is used for special applications where coverage of high latitude locations is required?

A

Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO)

27
Q

__________________ is a ground station that transmit data to/from the satellite to the local area network.

A

Satellite Gateway

28
Q

It houses the antennas and equipment to convert RF signals to an Internet Protocol (IP) signal for terrestrial connectivity.

A

Satellite Gateway

29
Q

AKA teleport or hub

A

Satellite Gateway

30
Q

Where in the freq spectrum is the “sweet spot” between scintillation & atmospheric effects?

A

X-band

31
Q

As you move UP in the freq spectrum:
1) the throughput goes from _____ to _____
2) antenna size goes from _____ to _____
3) the spectrum band goes from _____ to _____
4) susceptibility to rain fading goes from _____ to _____

A

1) Lower to Higher
2) Larger to smaller
3) Smaller to larger
4) Less to more

32
Q

Which band is mainly reserved for military applications?

A

X-band

33
Q

What are 3 commercial SATCOM services?

A

1) Fixed Satellite Services (FSS)
2) Mobile Satellite Services (MSS)
3) Broadcast Satellite Services (BSS)

34
Q

What are 2 examples of commercial satellite systems?

A

Inmarsat & Iridium

35
Q

What are the 3 types of military SATCOM?

A

1) Narrowband
2) Wideband
3) Protected

36
Q

What are the 2 types of narrowband comm?

A

UHF Follow-on (UFO)
Mobile User Objective System (MUOS)

37
Q

What are the 6 types of wideband comm?

A

1) Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS)
2) Wideband Global Satellite (WGS)
3) Non-classified Internet Protocol Network (NIPRNET)
4) SECRET Internet Protocol Network (SIPRNET)
5) Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications Systems (JWICS)
6) Video teleconferencing (to deployed forces)

38
Q

What are the 3 types of protected comm?

A

1) Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR)
2) Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF)
3) Enhanced Polar System (EPS)

39
Q

What are the 2 major classes of perturbations?

A

North-South
East-West

40
Q

Which class of perturbation is a larger concern, and is due to the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon?

A

North-South

41
Q

Which class of perturbation is due to the Earth’s oblateness, and affects a satellite’s velocity and altitude?

A

East-West

42
Q

What are the 2 solar outages (eclipses) that SATCOM has to deal with each year (for a total of 6 weeks)?

A

Vernal & Autumnal equinoxes

43
Q

What is VSAT?

A

Very Small Aperture Terminal

B4U3M1 (4 decks)

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