SAS 9 Flashcards
A person’s mood goes far beyond the normal “ups and downs”
Affective Disorder
Severe and long-lasting feelings of sadness beyond the precipitating event
Depression
Depression results from a deficiency of what?
norepinephrine (NE), dopamine, or serotonin (5HT)
Classification of Antidepressants
TCAs, MAOIs, SSRIs, Atypical antidepressants (heterocyclic second generation)
TCAs
Tricyclic antidepressants
MAOIs
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
SSRIs
Selective Serotoninreuptake inhibitors
SSRIs are effective after how many weeks?
2-4 weeks
TCAs are effective after how many weeks?
2-4 weeks
Half-life of TCAs
8 to 68 hrs
TCAs Action
Reduce the re-uptake of 5HT and NE into nerves
Used for adult outpatients with reactive depression
Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
Used for patients who DO NOT respond to or cannot take newer, safer antidepressants
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Used fie SOME patients who do not respond to newer, safer antidepressants
Phenelzine (Nardil)
TCAs Drug-to-drug interactions
MAOIs, cimetidine, fluoxetine (prozac), ranitidine, and oral antidepressants
Treatment of patients with depression who are unresponsive to other antidepression agents
MAOIs
Peak of TCAs
2-4 hrs
Peak of MAOIs
2-3 hrs
This drug can cause an increase in blood pressure
MAOIs
Food interactions of MAOIs
Tyramine or pressor amines: increase blood pressure
The newest group of antidepressants
SSRIs
Specifically block the re-uptake of 5HT, with little to no known effect on NE
SSRIs
It is associated with congenital abnormalities
SSRIs
When combined with TCAs, it increases therapeutic and toxic effects
SSRIs
Normal VALUE OF LITHIUM
0.5-1.5 meg/L
Eskalith, Lithane, Lithonate, Lithobid
Lithium Trade name
alters sodium transport in nerve and muscle cells
Lithium
Inhibits the release of norepinephrine and dopamine but not serotonin from stimulated serotonin
Lithium
Jerky movements of muscle
Clonic movements
It causes cardiac dysrhythmias
Lithium
S/sx of depression
mood changes, insomnia, apathy, lack of interest in activities
MILD lithium toxicity (no specific antidote for this)
Increase fluid intake
Studies have not shown efficacy in using antidepressant drugs to treat depression in children and also indicate that there may be an increase in suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior when antidepressants are used to treat depression in children.
Anttidepressants in children
These antidepressant agents should be avoided in children if at all possible because of the potential for drug-food interactions and the serious side effects
MOIs
TCAs drugs; clomipramine, imipramine, nortriptyline, and trimipramine have established pediatric dosages
true
Fluvoxamine and sertraline have established dosage for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder
true
It is widely to treat depression in adolescents
Fluoxetine
Contraindicated to renal or hepatic impairment
MAOIs
They prevent the breakdown of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine by inhibiting what drug?
MAOIs
In order to counteract the effect of a hypertensive crisis, the drug that we will give to the patient is
Regitine
It might be caused by a dysfunction or the neurotransmitters; serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
ADHD
