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CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT (LEC) > SAS# 3 > Flashcards

SAS# 3 Flashcards

1
Q

viewed as a continuum of events that occur from conception to death

A

AGING
(Ignatavicious and Workman, 2005)

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2
Q

I. Biological Theories of Aging

A

A. Stochastic Theory
Free radical
Error
Wear and tear
Connective tissue/cross-linked

B. Nonstochastic Theories
Programmed Theory
Gene/biological clock theory
Neuroendocrine theory
Immunological theory

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3
Q

Based on random events that cause cellular damage that accumulates as the organisms ages

A

Stochastic Theories

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4
Q

Membranes, nucleic acids, and proteins are damaged by ____ which causes cellular injury and aging

A

Free radical theory

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5
Q

Errors in DNA and RNA syntesis occur with aging

A

Error Theory

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6
Q

Cells wear out and cannot function with aging

A

Wear and tear theory

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7
Q

With aging, proteins impede metabo processes and cause trouble with getting nutruents to cells and removing cellular waste

A

Connective tissue/Cross-linked theory

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8
Q

Based on genetically programmed events that cause cellular damage that accelerates aging of the organism

A

Nonstochastic Theories

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9
Q

Cells divide until they are no longer able to, and this triggers apoptosis or cell death

A

Programmed Theory

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10
Q

Problems with hypothamlamus-pituitary-endocrine gland feedback system cause disease; increased insulin growth factor accelerates aging

A

Neuroendocrine theory

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11
Q

Aging is due to faulty immunological function, which is linked to general well-being

A

Immunological Theory

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12
Q

I. Psychosocial Theories of aging

A

A. Sociological Theories
Activity Disengagement
Subculture
Continuity
Age stratification
Person-Environment Fit
GeroTranscendence

B. Psychological Theories
Human needs
Individualism
Stages of Personality Development
Life-course/lifespan development
Selective optimization with compensation

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13
Q

Changing roles, relationships, status and generational cohort impact the older adult’s ability to adapt

A

Sociological Theories

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14
Q

Remaining occupied and involved is necessary to a satisfying late-life. Gradual withdrawal from society and relationships serves to maintain social equilibrium and promote internal reflection

A

Activity Disengagement

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15
Q

The elderly prefer to segregate from society in an aging subculture sharing loss of status and societal negativity regarding the aged. Health and mobility are key determinants of social status

A

Subculture

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16
Q

Personality influences roles and life satisfaction and remains consistent throughout life. Past coping patterns recur as older adults adjust to financial and social decline and contemplate death. Identifying with one’s age group, finding a residence compatible with one’s limitations, and learning new roles postretirement are major tasks.

A

Continuity

17
Q

Society is stratified by age groups that are the basis for acquiring resources, roles, status, and deference from others. Age cohorts are influenced by their historical context and share similar experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and expectations of life course transitions

A

Age stratification

18
Q

Function is affected by ego strength, mobility, health, cognition, sensory perception, and the environment. Competency changes one’s ability to adapt to environmental demands

A

Person-Environment Fit

19
Q

The elderly transform from a materialistic/rational perspective toward oneness with the universe. Successful transformation includes an outward focus, accepting impending death, substantive relationships, intergenerational connectedness, and unity with the universe.

A

Gerotranscendence

20
Q

Explain aging in terms of mental processes, emotions, attitudes, motivation, and personality development that is characterized by life stage transitions

A

Psychological Theories

21
Q

Five basic needs motivate human behavior in a lifelong process toward need fulfillment

A

Human needs

22
Q

Personality consists of an ego and personal and collective unconsciousness that views life from a personal or external perspective. Older adults search for life meaning and adapt to functional and social losses

A

Individualism

23
Q

personality develops in eight sequential stages with corresponding life tasks.

A

Stages of personality development

24
Q

characterized by evaluating life accomplishments; struggles include letting go, accepting care, detachment, and physical and mental decline

A

The eight phase,
INTEGRITY VERSUS DESPAIR

25
Q

Life stages are predictable and structured by roles, relationships, values, and goals. Persons adapt to changing roles and relationships. Age group norms and characteristics are an important part of the life course

A

Life-course/Lifespan development

26
Q

Individuals cope with aging losses through activity/role selection, optimization, and compensation. Critical life points are morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. _______ facilitates successful aging

A

Selective optimization with compensation

27
Q

nursing has incorporated psychosocial theories such as

A

ERIKSON’S PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT THEORY

28
Q

enlighten us about the development tasks and challenges faced by older adults and the importance of finding and accepting meaning in one’s life

A

Psychological Theories

29
Q

nursing has learned how support systems, functionality, activity and role engagement, cohorts, and societal expectations can influence adjustments to aging and life satisfaction

A

Sociologists

30
Q

human aging is influenced by a composite of

A

biological
psychological
social
functional
spiritual factors

31
Q

Nursing Theories of Aging

A

Functional consequences theory
Theory of thriving

32
Q

Environmental and biopsychosocial consequences impact functioning. Nursing’s role is risk reduction to minimize age-associated disability in order to enhance safety and quality of living

A

Functional Consequences Theory

33
Q

failure to thrive results from a discord between the individual and his or her environment or relationships. Nurses identify and modify factors that contribute to disharmony among these elements

A

Theory of thriving

34
Q

According to this theory, aging successfully means remaining physically, psychological, and socially engaged in meaningful ways that are individually defined. Achieving a comfortable acceptance of impending death is also a hallmark of successful aging

A

Theory of Successful Aging

35
Q

prvides a more comprehensive framework to guide nursing practice and has been validated by some authors

A

Flood’s theory of successful aging

36
Q

nurses can better manage nutrition, incontinence, sleep rhythms, immunological response, catecholamine surges, hormonal and electrolyte balance, and drug efficacy for older adults with chronic illnesses

A

Stochastic and programmed biological theories of aging

37
Q

nurses can assist both the older adult and his or her family in recognizing that the life they have lived has been one of integrity and meaning and facilitate peaceful death with dignity.

A

Psychosocial aging theories

38
Q

contributes to older adults well being and reduces the negative psychological consequences that are often linked to chronic illness and older age

A

Ego Integrity

CARE OF THE OLDER ADULT (LEC) (8 decks)

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