Sarap 2017 Flashcards
Measurement of the waist-hip ratio is done in this position
Position C
Correct order of doing the abdominal examination
Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
Examination of the ear is done by pulling it
Upward, backward, outward
The lymph nodes found on the borders of the clavicle and the sternocleidomastoids are
Supraclavicular Nodes
Where is auscultatory area of aortic area?
Aortic Area , 2nd ICS right parasternal border
Percussion of the Traube’s space allows one to evaluate the
Spleen
- True of active aging:
A. Life expectancy increases; active life expectancy declines
B. Older women spend more years in a state of frailty than men
C. something about healthy lifestyle
D. All of the above
D
The aging Filipino is described by NSO in 2002 as
Mostly old aged 80 years old
The quality of life is defined, according to WHO, as:
A. Individual’s perception of their position in life
B. Based on his goals, expectations, standards and concerns
C. In the context of the culture and value systems in which he lives
D. All of the above
D
Healthy life expectancy: 60 year old Filipino female,___ more years vs. Japanese female____years
11.7y;20y
Healthy Life expectancy is determined
By Environment and personal lifestyle choices
T/F Life expectancy of the aging Filipino population is described as: Population of 60 year olds is growing faster than the population of children
T
Best contributor to increasing life expectancy
Improvement of maternal and child care
Erik Erikson’s theory for the elderly population
Ego Integrity
Programmed cell senescence
Apoptosis
Hallmark of aging is A. Homogeneity throughout the life span B. Physiologic C. How the organism adapts to external stress D. Resting level of performance
C
Senescence is
A. Associated with the increased probability of dying related to a function of time
B. Decline of survival rate which begins at 60
C. Encompasses the whole aging process
D. Direct cause of death
A
T/F Regarding quality of life of older persons:
Staying pain free and being socially active
T
Top leading causes of death for persons 65 years old and above in the Philippines
A. Cancer, diabetes, heart disease
B. Heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease
C. Pneumonia, influenza, diabetes
D. Accidents, diabetes, COPD
B
Which kind of memory is impaired in older persons? A. Semantic memory B. Procedural memory C. Episodic memory D. All of the above
C
True of the physiologic visual changes in older patients except
A. Decreased opacity of the lenses
B. Cross-linking of collagen fibers in the lens
C. Loss of lens elasticity leading to loss of accommodation
D. Lower visual acuity
A
T/F Deteriorating quality of sleep is a frequent complaint of the elderly. Sleep is characterized by less frequent shifts from one sleep state to another
F; more frequent shifts
T/F CVS changes in the elderly include atrophy and thinning out of the LV
F
The following are changes in the respiratory system which impair the elderly person’s physical activity:
A. Atrophy of the respiratory muscles
B. Increased work of breathing
C. Airways and lung tissue become less elastic with reduced ciliary activity
D. AOTA
D
Which of the following statements about the musculature of an older person is false:
A. Generalized atrophying of all muscles
B. Smooth muscle is spared from age related atrophy.
C. Physical exercise tempers the extent of the changes
B
Which of the following statements about the musculature of an older person is false:
A. Generalized atrophying of all muscles
B. Smooth muscle is spared from age related atrophy.
C. Physical exercise tempers the extent of the changes
D. NOTA
D
T/F The following impairments of higher cortical functions in the elderly : Standardized IQ starts to decrease at age 60
F; Mental abilities measured by standard intelligence tests are usually preserved.
T/F There is preferential atrophy of slow twitch fibers
F; fast twitch fibers
T/F increase in number of myocytes
F
The following age related changes in the heart and myocardial cells are true except
A. Higher load from hypertension
B. Higher left ventricular muscle mass
C. All of the above
C
Which theory is supported by the death of Pacific salmon shortly after spawning due to adrenal hyperplasia and glucocorticoid toxicity? A. Somatic Mutation theory B. Biological clock/pacemaker theory C. Rate of Living theory D. Metabolic theory
A
The following introduce somatic mutation via oxygen free radicals except: A. Ionizing radiation B. Smoke C. Infrared light D. Air pollution
D
median age of menstruation for Filipinos
48 y.o
An early consequence of early estrogen deficiency include the following except: A. Dyspareunia B. Insomnia C. Hot flushes D. Psychological symptoms
A.
T/F 46. The following are indications for hormone replacement therapy except Primary cardiovascular protection
F; hot flushes - main indication
- Which form of estrogen is predominant in menopausal women?
A. Estrone
B. Estradiol
C. Estriol
D. All forms of estrogen are secreted equally.
A
Average life expectancy of Filipinos in 2005 A. 65 B. 75 C. 75 D. 80
C
T/F Andropause is similar with menopause in many ways and similarity include Sudden cessation of reproduction
F
Testosterone is secreted in the testis
Leydig cells
Active testosterone accounts for how many percent of the total testosterone in the body? A. 50% B. 10% C. 5% D. 2%
D Why just 2%? because most are bound by SHBG
Metabolic syndrome consists of central obesity and any two of the following except A. Raised triglycerides B. Elevated liver enzymes C. Increased fasting glucose D. Hypertension
B
T/F Testosterone replacement can still be used after the age of 60 as long as there is no prostate cancer
T
The most common risk factor for erectile dysfunction among Filipinos
Diabetes
Smooth muscle relaxation enzyme for the corpora cavernosa
cGMP5
Which one has the longest half-life?
A. Sildenafil
B. Tadalafil
C. Vardenafil
B
The focus of comprehensive geriatric assessment
Functional capacity
Refers to challenges - constellations of symptoms - faced by the elderly on a day-to-day basis which cannot be detected by evaluation: A. Geriatric syndromes B. Parsimony of diseases C. Age-related diseases D. Functional decline
A
The age based on our birthday
Chronological age
Age based on the physiological, psychological and emotional capacity of an individual
Functional age
The use of these items facilitates detection of clinical problems which use tedious and painstaking process taking symptom by symptom.
Pre-Screening tools
Symptom salad if…
“yes” to all questions in the review of systems.
[Define]
Polypharmacy
One pill for each comorbid disease.
Fall risk factor is…
Multiple attempts to get up from a sitting position plus incontinence
Measurement of the standing height when the patient is not able to stand
arm span
- Mini nutritional assessment score for
Risk for malnutrition
10
example of Hazardous transfers
Patient cannot go down to join gatherings.
- Caregiver of a lola is a 15-year old girl. is the caregiver competent?
No
Misuse of the elder person’s money
financial exploitation
Civil death
death by lethal injection
