SAP exam Flashcards
Social Sciences
Scientific study of humans and societies
Sociology
Study of human society and human interactions
Psychology
Study of the mind and behaviour
Anthropology
Study of human beings as species
Bystander effect
when people see something happen but no
one does anything about it
Ethics
Values of a person
Right vs. Wrong
Virtue vs. Vice
Justice vs. Injustice
Ethical Standards
- Do no harm –always seek to do good
- Be dependable in fulfilling your responsibilities
- Be accurate and honest in your work
- Exercise fairness and justice with others and in your work
- Respect the rights of others and protect their dignity
- Always check with colleagues and supervisors to make sure you are meeting ethical standards
Asch conformity (Solomon) experiment
If there is a group of 3 or more people you are more likely to pick the answers they picked
Stanley Milgram experiment
-had an authority figure tell a teacher to send electric shocks every time a learner got an answer wrong
-designed to test people’s willingness to obey authority even if it causes harm to others
-concluded that people will follow authority even if it feels wrong
Values
a collection of standards people agree on
Norms
rules or standards about acceptable ways to act
Socialization
-the process where a person learns the appropriate behaviour, skills, and values for their social world
-strongest during childhood to early adulthood
Structural functionalism
sees society like a machine with parts working together to function
Conflict theory
examines the role power plays in society and how it can be used to have control over others
ex. landlords & renters
Feminism
Liberal: believe in equal opportunity for all
Radical: women are oppressed and men are the problem
Marxist: economic capitalist perspective
Post Modern: experience differences with class, ethnicity etc.
Patriarchy
where men hold power
Intersectionality
acknowledges that everyone has their own experiences of discrimination such as race and gender
Queer theory
challenges usual ideas about sexuality and gender
Symbolic interactionism
how people create meanings in their interactions using symbols
Conformity
adjusting beliefs behaviours or attitudes to match group norms or expectations
Discrimination
the act of treating a group or individual unfairly based on race gender or other common characteristics
Prejudice
an individuals judgment about or towards another social group
Empathy
putting yourself in someone else’s shoes
David Reimer- the boy who was raised a girl
David had a circumcision accident where they decided he was gonna be a girl, his parents raised him a girl, became a guy again, concerns about experiment being ethical
The Edith experiment
The dad showing his daughter big cards to make her really smart
The Minnesota twins study
studied twins who grew up apart
concluded that identical twins who were raised apart had the same chance of being similar as twins who were raised together
Agents of Socialization
People and institutions that shape a person’s social development
Family: most important, languages, relationships
Peers: activities, trends
Religion: values, meaning of life
Media: stereotypes, trends
Work: rules, money
Clubs/social groups: social interactions, activities
School: rules, social setting
Ascribed Status
is assigned at birth regardless of a person’s abilities or performances
ex. race, sex, class
Achieved Status
determined by individual choice and performance or roles
ex. education, job, marriage
Primary socialization
basic skills needed to survive in society
occurs in childhood
(manners, sharing etc.)
Secondary socialization
how to act in group situations
occurs after childhood
(make decisions, interactions, etc.)
Lack of socialization on feral children
lack of social skills
delayed language development
not being able to walk
Lack of socialization on isolated children
delayed language development
employment
education
Why is early socialization so critical for children?
builds social skills
helps language development
forms relationships
Signs of a cult
performing demining tasks
cutting themselves off from society
cult promises that it will save the world
In what ways do people experience discrimination?
Ableism: against people with disabilities (not being accessible)
Ageism: against a person’s age (jobs)
Classism: against a person’s class (“white trash”)
Racism: against a person’s race (racist jokes)
Sexism: against a person’s gender (toys)
Homophobia: against gay people (gay jokes)
What causes discrimination?
hate, ignorance, learned behaviour, etc.
What social identities are privileges based on?
race, gender, sex, class, education, ability
