Santanam

Question 1

Eicosanoids describe them

Answer 1

family of oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids, usually 20 carbons long

Question 2

name 3 members of Eicosanoids

Answer 2

prostaglandins
thromboxanes
leukotrienes

Question 3

Rank the postaglandins in relative activity

Answer 3

PGI2 > PGI1 > PGI3

Question 4

what is the role of TXA2

Answer 4

vasoconstrictor

Question 5

name an important precursor for eicosandoids

Answer 5

arachidonic acid

Question 6

what cleaves Arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids

Answer 6

phospholipase A2 and C

Question 7

what are the 2 pathways in arachidonic acid

Answer 7

linear

cyclic

Question 8

what enzymes are used for cyclic pathway

Answer 8

cyclooxygenase (COX1 & COX2)

peroxidase

Question 9

name the pathway in cyclic pathway

Answer 9

arachidonic acid (cycloxoygenase) –> PGG2 (peroxidase) –> PGH2 –> eicosanoids

Question 10

name 5 products for the cyclic pathway

Answer 10

PGE2
PGF 2alpha
PGD
TXA2
PGI2

Question 11

define prostaglandin synthetase

Answer 11

name given to enzyme complex of cyclo-oxygenase and peroxidase

Question 12

where is COX1 found

Answer 12

endothelial cells, stomach, kidney

Question 13

what is COX2 involved in

Answer 13

elevate inflammation and cytokines

Question 14

what drug decreases the activity of COX2

Answer 14

glucocorticoids

Question 15

what form is COX1 and COX2 in

Answer 15

COX1 - constitutive form

COX2 - inducible form

Question 16

what role does COX1 play in the stomach

Answer 16

increases stomach mucus

protects stomach mucosa from HCl

Question 17

asprin and tNSAIDs bind to what in the cyclic pathway

Answer 17

bothCOX1 and COX2

Question 18

prostanoids interact with what receptor

Answer 18

GPCR

g-protein coupled receptors

Question 19

PGI2

Answer 19

prostacyclin

Question 20

PGI2 effects on platelet

Answer 20

inhibits platelet aggregation

Question 21

PGI2 effects on blood vessles

Answer 21

vasodilator

Question 22

PGI2 effects on airway

Answer 22

bronchodilator

Question 23

PGI2 effects on GI

Answer 23

inhibits gastric acid secretion

increase mucus secretion

Question 24

PGI2 effects on renal

Answer 24

increase GFR and renal blood flow

increase water and sodium excretion

Question 25

PGI2 effects on reproductive

Answer 25

relaxes uterine muscle

Question 26

PGI2 effects on pain

Answer 26

induces pain

Question 27

PGI2 uses what receptors

Answer 27

IP ( Gs-cAMP)

Question 28

PGE2

Answer 28

prostaglandin

Question 29

PGE2 effects on vascular

Answer 29

vasodilator

Question 30

PGE2 effects on aiway

Answer 30

bronchodilator

Question 31

PGE2 effects on GI

Answer 31

inhibits gastric acid secretion | increases stomach mucus secretion

Question 32

Misoprostol is an analog to what

Answer 32

PGE1, prostaglandin

Question 33

what is the role of Misoprostol

Answer 33

inhibits gastric acid secretion | - increase production of gastric mucus

Question 34

Misoprostol should always be given with what other drug and why

Answer 34

NSAID | - reduce ulcer formation

Question 35

Misoprostol should not be given to what type of patients

Answer 35

pregnant women

Question 36

Latanoprost is an analog to what

Answer 36

PGF2 alpha

Question 37

what is latanoprost used for

Answer 37

for open angle glaucoma to lower intraocular pressure

Question 38

Alprostadil is an analog of what

Answer 38

PGE1, prostaglandin

Question 39

role of Alprostadil

Answer 39

temporarily maintains patent ductus arteriosus in newborns until surgery -improves blood oxygenation

Question 40

ductus arteriosus

Answer 40

pulmonary artery to aorta | - diverts blood away from the lungs

Question 41

After birth what happens to prostaglanin and prostacyclin levels

Answer 41

decrease to close ductus arteriosus

Question 42

What is the remnant of the ductus arteriosus formed within three weeks after birth.

Answer 42

ligamentum arteriousum

Question 43

what drug is used if the ductus arteriousus does not close

Answer 43

Indomethacin

Question 44

what enzymes are used in the linear pathway

Answer 44

5-lipoxygenase | dehydrase

Question 45

the lipoxygenase pathway is associated with what human pathologies

Answer 45

asthma anaphylactic shock CVD

Question 46

what is the pathway for lipoxygenase

Answer 46

arachindoinc acid ( 5-lipoxygenase) --> 5-HPETE ( dehydrase ) --> LTA4 --> leukotrines

Question 47

5-HPTETE and LTB4 are what kind of agents

Answer 47

chemotactic agents

Question 48

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 do what

Answer 48

potent bronchoconstrictor increase vascular permeability components of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis

Question 49

what receptor does LTD4 use

Answer 49

CysLT1

Question 50

what are the cysteinyl leukotrienes

Answer 50

LTC4, LTD4, LTE4

Question 51

5-lipoxygenase uses what other protein for help

Answer 51

FLAP (5-lipoxygenase activated protein)

Question 52

Zafirlukast and Montelukast how do they work

Answer 52

competitive, reversible LTD4 receptor antagonist

Question 53

Zafirlukast and Montelukast is used as a prophylactic treatment for what

Answer 53

- asthma, not used for acute asthmatic attack | - allergic rhinitis

Question 54

Montelukast has what drug drug interaction

Answer 54

aspirin sensitivity induced asthma

Question 55

what is drug drug interaction for Zafirlukast

Answer 55

Warfin | inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2C9

Question 56

what is the dosing difference between Montelukast and Zafirlukast

Answer 56

Montelukast once daily dosing | Zafirlukast taken 1-2 hours before eating

Question 57

Who can be administered Montelukast

Answer 57

children

Question 58

MOA for Zileuton

Answer 58

inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase

Question 59

when is Zileuton used

Answer 59

prophylaxis for asthma | 12 or older

Question 60

what are adverse effects of Zileuton

Answer 60

elevated liver enzymes | Must monitor ALT

Question 61

Zileuton has what drug interactions

Answer 61

theophylline warfin propranolol -decreases clearance for all

Question 62

Zileuton should not be taken with what

Answer 62

Ergot alkaids | - severe vomiting, vasospasms