Sampling methods Flashcards
What are the steps in simple random sampling?
Choose a sample size, then randomly generate which samples to use
-possibly costly, works well in contained areas
What are the steps in systematic sampling?
Order samples then number them, choose a sample at a regular interval
-usually avoids bias, unlikely disadvantage of a bias pattern
What are the steps in quota sampling?
Pick specific samples until the quota is filled
-cost effective, possibly bias
What are the steps in opportunity sampling?
-Take samples from those available at the time
What are the steps in cluster sampling?
Data from different areas is grouped into clusters which are representative of the whole group, then random samples are taken
-less samples required so less time consuming, can be bias
What are the steps in stratified sampling?
- Split data into distinct categories
- Find sum of samples
- Find percentage of each category
- Multiply it by the sample size
- Then use another sampling method to choose from the categories
-Represents each category proportionally so is more accurate, is costly/time consuming
What are the steps in self-selection sampling?
Taking samples from people who opt in to give data
-usually cost effective, quick responses, can be bias
What is a population?
Everyone/everything that could be taken into consideration
What is a sample?
A sample is only part of a population that is taken into consideration
What is a census?
A census is a questionnaire that is sent to everyone
What are the advantages/disadvantages of measuring the population?
- More accurate as covers all of the data
- But more time consuming and more costly
What are the advantages/disadvantages of measuring a sample?
- Less accurate as not covering all the data
- But less time consuming and less costly
What is quantitative data?
Quantitative data is numerical
think quantity
What is qualitative data?
Qualitative data is a word or response
