Sampling Methods Flashcards

1
Q

Population definition

A

The whole set of items that are of interest

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2
Q

Sample definition

A

Subset/part of the population intended to represent the whole population

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3
Q

Sampling frame definition

A

Sampling units of a population that are individually named or numbered to form a list
e.g: a phone directory

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4
Q

Sampling unit definition

A

Each individual thing in the population that can be sampled

e.g: To find out how many cars a family owns, the sampling unit would be the household rather than an individual because you don’t want to ask 2 people from the same household

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5
Q

Census definition

A

It is when data is collected from an entire population

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6
Q

Advantages of a census

A
  • Representative of the entire population
  • Should give completely accurate results
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7
Q

Disadvantages of a census

A
  • Time consuming
  • Expensive
  • Cannot be used when testing involves destruction (when some of the data isn’t valid)
  • Large volume of data to process
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8
Q

Advantages of a sample

A
  • Cheaper
  • Quicker
  • Less data to process
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9
Q

Disadvantages of a sample

A
  • Data may not be accurate
  • Data may not be large enough to represent small sub-groups
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10
Q

Parameters definition

A

A calculation of the sample or population (usually the mean)

It is better if it is as close to the population as possible

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11
Q

Sampling error definition

A

Difference between mean of entire population and mean of sample

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12
Q

Bias definition

A

A systematic error in the collection of the sample

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13
Q

What can result in a biased sample?

A
  • Small sample size
  • A sample that is not representative of the population
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