Sampling

Question 1

Random

Answer 1

each individual in the target population is equally likely to be included in the study

Question 2

stratified

Answer 2

population is divided and then randomly sampled

Question 3

cluster

Answer 3

population is divided into clusters and a random sample of clusters is drawn
One stage: whole cluster participates
2 stage: random or stratified sample drawn from selected clusters
Can lead to misrepresentation

Question 4

Systematic

Answer 4

Predetermined protocol, based on random starting point and fixed ratio
Eg every 10th person through the door

Question 5

Volunteer

Answer 5

Sample made up of people who respond to an advert, self section

Question 6

Convenience

Answer 6

Sample made up f easy to reach people who are available and fit your criteria such as friends and family

Question 7

Proposive sampling/judgmental

Answer 7

Researcher decides what is suitable

Question 8

Quota

Answer 8

Like stratified by researcher selects and reps using people until quota achieved

Question 9

Snowball/chain sampling

Answer 9

Existing participants recruit further participants from their circle of acquaintances

Question 10

power analysis

Answer 10

uses the fact that there is a direct relationship between sample size, effect size, power, statistical test used, significance level used

Question 11

Power

Answer 11

Chance of finding a significant effect given that it exists in the population