Sampling Flashcards
What is sampling in psychology research?
Sampling is the process of selecting a subset of individuals from a population to participate in a study.
True or False: A sample should be representative of the population.
True
What is a random sample?
A random sample is a sampling method where every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Fill in the blank: In _____ sampling, participants are selected based on specific characteristics.
stratified
What is the main advantage of using a larger sample size?
A larger sample size reduces the margin of error and increases the reliability of the results.
Define convenience sampling.
Convenience sampling is a non-random sampling method where participants are selected based on their easy availability.
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative sampling?
Qualitative sampling focuses on understanding experiences, while quantitative sampling aims to generalize findings to a larger population.
True or False: Systematic sampling involves selecting every nth individual from a list.
True
What is opportunity sampling?
Opportunity sampling involves selecting participants who are readily available at the time of the study.
Fill in the blank: A _____ sample is drawn from different subgroups of a population.
stratified
What is a sampling frame?
A sampling frame is a list of individuals from which a sample is drawn.
What is the purpose of using a pilot study in sampling?
A pilot study tests the sampling method and helps refine the research design before the main study.
True or False: Snowball sampling is a method used to recruit hard-to-reach populations.
True
What is the main disadvantage of convenience sampling?
The main disadvantage is that it may not produce a representative sample, leading to biased results.
Define quota sampling.
Quota sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups and then selecting a specific number from each subgroup.
What does sampling bias refer to?
Sampling bias occurs when certain individuals in the population have a higher or lower chance of being selected, leading to an unrepresentative sample.
Fill in the blank: In _____ sampling, the researcher uses their judgment to select participants.
purposive
What is the goal of stratified sampling?
The goal is to ensure that specific subgroups are adequately represented in the sample.
True or False: Random sampling is the most reliable method for obtaining a representative sample.
True
What is the role of ethics in sampling?
Ethics in sampling involves ensuring that participants are treated fairly and that their consent is obtained.
What is a double-blind study?
A double-blind study is one where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment, reducing bias.
Define sampling error.
Sampling error is the difference between the sample statistic and the actual population parameter.
Fill in the blank: _____ sampling is useful when the population is widely dispersed.
Cluster
What is the importance of random assignment in sampling?
Random assignment helps control for confounding variables by ensuring that each participant has an equal chance of being in any group.
True or False: The larger the sample size, the smaller the sampling error.
True
What is the effect of non-response bias on sampling?
Non-response bias occurs when certain individuals do not respond, potentially skewing the results if their characteristics differ from those who do respond.
