Sampling Flashcards
What is the target population
The group of people who the researcher is interested in and from which a smaller sample is drawn
What is the sample
A smaller group taken from the target population who take part in the research investigation
Define sampling techniques
The method used to select people from the population
Define bias in terms of sampling
Over or under representing a group within the sample selected
Define generalisation
The ability to apply findings from an investigation to the population
Name the 5 types of sampling
- random
- systematic
- stratified
- volunteering
- opportunity
What is random sampling
Produced by using random techniques such that every member of a target population have an equal chance of being selected
What is systematic sampling
Selecting every n^th person (where n is any number)
What is stratified sampling
Sample obtained by selecting strata in the target population and ensuring the sample reflects the proportions of people in each strata (people are originally selected through random sampling)
What is volunteer sampling
Participants select themselves through advertisement
What it opportunity sampling
Recruit people who are most convenient or available
State one advantage of random sampling
- Unbiased
State two disadvantages of random sampling
- Time consuming
- May not be truly representative
State two advantages of systematic sampling
- Avoids researcher bias
- Should be representative
State a disadvantage of systematic sampling
- Not truly unbiased
