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Sample Qs Flashcards

1
Q

How many breeding ewes are there in Ireland?

A

2.7 million

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2
Q

How many flocks are there?

A

36,000

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3
Q

How many ewes per flock on avg?

A

107

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4
Q

Up to what % of lambs can be finished off grass?

A

90%

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5
Q

How much carcass is currently produced?

A

225kg/ha

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6
Q

Who is the 4th largest exporter of sheep meat?

A

Ireland

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7
Q

What is the most cost-effective way to feed ruminant animals?

A

Grazed Grass

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8
Q

What is the finanical pressure on the IRish sheep industry?

A

Financial & environmental

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9
Q

What are the environmental pressures on the Irish sheep industry?

A

GHG targets

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10
Q

True or false:
Prolificacy is a major driver of profitability?

A

True

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11
Q

What is the simplest way of improving flock prolificacy?

A

Changing breed type

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12
Q

What is the value of the meat & livestock market?

A

€4bn

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13
Q

How much does sheep meat account for in the meat & livestock market?

A

€475 m

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14
Q

How much did sheep meat grow by year on year?

A

17%

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15
Q

What % higher are input prices?

A

35%

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16
Q

What % higher are output prices?

A

2%

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17
Q

Where is the main destination for sheep meat in 2022 and what % ?

A

Eu - 75%

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18
Q

What % of the destination for sheep meat in 2022 were to the UK & internationally?

A

UK = 15%
International = 10%

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19
Q

What was the avg family farm income in 2020?

A

€17,913

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20
Q

What was the avg family farm income for 2021?

A

€20,800 + 16% from year before

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21
Q

What % of farms would be in the top economic viability?

A

69%

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22
Q

What % of farms would be in the middle economic viability?

A

39%

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23
Q

What % of farms would be in the bottom economic viability?

A

15%

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24
Q

How much GHG emissions do sheep farms average?

A

89.8t

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25
Q

What is the avg litter size?

A

1.48

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26
Q

What is the avg % of ewes lambed?

A

96%

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27
Q

What is the avg lambs weaned per joined ewe?

28
Q

What is the avg lamb mortality?

29
Q

What is the avg concentration input (kg/ewe)?

30
Q

What is the avg chemical N kg/ha?

31
Q

What is the avg HG emissions per kg live weight sheep produced (kg CO2 e/kg carcass)?

32
Q

What figure defines a ewe with medium prolificacy?

33
Q

What figures defines a ewe with high prolificacy?

34
Q

What is the feed requirements difference between medium & high prolificacy?

A

High prolificacy requires 15% less

35
Q

How many kg of concentrates does a medium prolificacy ewe require?

36
Q

How many kg of concentrates does a high prolificacy ewe require?

37
Q

Assuming 85% utilization of grass ( grazed & conserve) how much grass DM needs to be grown for every ewe?

A

1 tonne grass DM

38
Q

What is the amount of DM dependent on?

A

Amount of N applied & sward type

39
Q

What % of top sheep farms reseed?

40
Q

What should farmers consider before increasing flock size?

A

Grass growth efficiency

41
Q

What are the subcategories of lowland sheep?

A

Terminal & maternal

42
Q

What are the 5 terminal breed types?

A

Texel, suffolk, charolais, beltex, vendeen

43
Q

What is the primary target of terminal breed types?

44
Q

What are the features of the terminal breed types?

A

High confirmation, fat%, high growth rates & weaning weights, avg litter size, avg colostrum & milk production ability

45
Q

Where do texels originate from?

46
Q

What is the avg prolifcacy for texels?

A

1.4 lambs/ewe

47
Q

What are the 3 remaining features of the Texel?

A

Excellent carcass quality, good kill out %, & clean lambs.

48
Q

Where do Suffolk originate from?

49
Q

What type of lambing are Suffolk suitable for?

A

Early lambing

50
Q

What type of carcass weight do Suffolk achieve?

51
Q

True/false - Suffolk have an excellent weaning weight?

52
Q

What are the maternal breed types?

A

Belcare, Lleyn, Mule, Easy care, Galway, Rouge

53
Q

What is the primary target for maternal breed types?

A

Future breeding stock

54
Q

What are the features of the maternal breed?

A

Good natural mothering abilities, good colostrum & milk production ability, high weaning efficency & high litter size

55
Q

What are the 2 breeds that make up Belcare improver?

A

Finish landrace, Galway & Lleyn

56
Q

what were the 2 features of the Belcare improver of the 1970’s?

A

v high litter size & poor confirmation

57
Q

What size are lleyns?

A

Medium size - 75kg

58
Q

Avg litter size for Lleyns?

A

1.9 lambs per ewe

59
Q

True/False:
The popularity of Lleyns have increased in the last 10 yrs?

60
Q

What are the 2 types of mule breed?

A

Bluefaced Leicester ram & Blackface mountain or Lanark ewe

61
Q

How many lambs do Bluefaced Leicester rams average?

A

2.3 lambs per ewe

62
Q

What is the avg litter size for the mule?

A

1.9 lambs per ewe

63
Q

What are the main benefits of a mule?

A

Easy to manage & adaptable to dif production systems.

64
Q

What breed comes on top for breeds as sires of flock replacements & what is the avg number of lambs reared/joined per ewe?

A

Belclaire
Lambs reared/joined per ewe = 1.65

65
Q

What breed comes on top for breeds as sires of flock replacements & what is the number of lambs reared/joined per ewe?

A

Texel
Lambs reared/joined per ewe = 1.3

66
Q

How many ewes were in the Lyons comparison flock?

67
Q

What % emphasis is put on the following traits for TermReplacement Indexes?
Health, Lambing, Carcass & Growth?

A

Health - 1%
Lambing - 14%
Carcass - 6%
Growth - 19%
Maternal - 60%

Sheep Production (2 decks)

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