sample exam

Question 0

A broad band Doppler reading is indicative of what type of flow?

Answer 0

turbulent (vessel disease) vibration,not normal

Question 1

In most tissue beds blood flow is regulated in proportion to?

Answer 1

local metabolism

Question 2

the vascular compartment with the greatest total cross sectional area is?

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of parallel circuitry?

Answer 3

maximizes total peripheral resistance

IS: flow control, decrease work load of heart, max oxygen to tissues

Question 4

A small change in volume producing a large change in pressure is characteristic of which vascular compartment?

Answer 4

systemic arteries

Question 5

ACH binding to the vascular epithelium has what effect?

Answer 5

vasodilation by causing NO release

Question 6

what is the effect of sympathetic nervous stimulation on most vascular smooth tissue?

Answer 6

vasoconstriction mediated by ALPHA receptors

Question 7

during widespread SNS stimulation which tissue bed would show the least increase in vascular resistance

Answer 7

lung

Question 8

As a tissue becomes more acfive, how is blood flow to that tissue increased?

Answer 8

tissue release local vasodilators

Question 9

at a given circulatory filling pressure what happens to venous return as CVP increases?

Answer 9

Decreases

CVP up=VR down

Question 10

If cardiac output is stopped, arterial pressure will be expected to fall until it equals?

Answer 10

critical closing pressure or CVP

Question 11

in a healthy young adult comment about tissue flow during diastole

Answer 11

maintain the recoil of the arteries

Question 12

what increases the plasma colloid osmotic effect by about 50%

Answer 12

negative changes to protein attracting, and holding positive ions like sodium

Question 13

which effects is NOT attributed to slow breathing? (6 breaths/min)

Answer 13

increased sympathetic activity

Question 14

what effect does decreasing velocity have on blood viscosity?

Answer 14

Increase

Question 15

How does fibrinogen decrease blood viscosity?

Answer 15

makes RBCs flexible

Question 16

The chronic use of anti inflammatory drugs could be expected to inhibit?

Answer 16

Angiogenesis

Question 17

which brainstem area is tonically active and is associated with a tonic SNS outflow?

Answer 17

neurons anterolateral in the upper medulla and pons (pressor)

anterolateral in lower medulla: depresser
nucleus tractus solitorius: lower BP CN 9 10 mediates

Question 18

which substance is associated with local vasodilation?

Answer 18

Adenosine

Angiotensin II: stim ADH, thirst in hypothalamus

Question 19

what high resistance micro vessels control local blood flow by integrating multiple input which determine lumine diameter?

Answer 19

arterioles

Question 20

which may act at the level of the CNS in the development of hypotension or (bradycardia)

Answer 20

Nitric oxide (lowers BP, increase anti ox..)

Question 21

in the kidney, how does SNS stimulation increase angiotensin formation?

Answer 21

stimulation of JG cells to release renin

Question 22

in response to fall in systemic arterial blood pressure which changes would be counterproductive in offsetting the fall?

Answer 22

Increase in ANP release or Decrease SNS stimulation

Question 23

in the face of rising arterial blood pressure ,which would autoregulate both renal blood flow and glomerular filtration?

Answer 23

constriction of afferent arterioles (decrease both)

efferent: decreases renal Q

Question 24

what does stimulation of baroreceptor have on sympathetic outflow?

Answer 24

Decrease

Question 25

during systole (exercise) what is happening to baroreceptor activity?

Answer 25

increasing, arteries are distended

Question 26

in the fetus, the ductus arteriosis shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the aorta returning primarily from what vessel?

Answer 26

superior vena cava

inferior vena cava: foramen ovale
umbilical veins: ductus venous to IVC

Question 27

what is the function of the ductus venosus in the fetus?

Answer 27

shunt blood from umbilical vein into the IVC

Question 28

In which tissue bed does SNS stimulation cause a metabolically induced local increase in blood flow?

Answer 28

Heart

active skeletal muscle: increase blood flow, adenosine, CO2, K+, histamine, lactic acid

Question 29

during exercsie, which normal decrease?

Answer 29

VO2

Question 30

during exercise most of the increase in cardiac output is due to ?

Answer 30

increased heart rate