Salts Flashcards
define a salt
salts are ionic compounds formed from an acid or alkali reaction
generally, are chlorides, nitrates and sulfates salts?
yes
generaly, are oxides and hydroxides salts?
no, they are bases
in which state can salts conduct electricity, why
aqeuous (aq) and molten (l) state
due to the presenc of mobile ions
what is the pH of most salt solutions
pH 7
define acid salts
an acid salt is a salt that contains hydrogen ions
e.g. NaHSO4, NaHCO3
how are acid salts formed
they are formed when dibasic or tribasic acids react with alkali
stage 1: H2SO4 + NaOH –> NaHSO4 + H2O
stage 2: NaHSO4 + NaOH –> Na2SO4 + H2O
solubility table:
[state if they are soluble]
[state if there are exceptions]
NO3- (nitrates), NH4+ (ammonium ion), K+ (potassium), Na+ (sodium)
all soluble,
no exceptions
solubility table:
[state if they are soluble]
[state if there are exceptions]
hallides –
Cl-, Br-, I-
all soluble,
except Pb2+ and Ag+
solubility table:
[state if they are soluble]
[state if there are exceptions]
SO4^2- (sulphates)
all soluble,
except Ba2+ and Pb2+
Ag+ and Ca2+ are slightly soluble
solubility table:
[state if they are soluble]
[state if there are exceptions]
other compounds
i.e. metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates
generally INSOLUBLE
CaO and Ca(OH)2 are slightly soluble
what is the colour of AgCl and PbCl
white solids
what is the colour of AgI and PbI2
yellow solids
what is the colour of Ag2SO4, PbSO2, BaSO4, and CaSO4
white solids
