Salivary Glands Flashcards
What is the anatomical location of the parotid salivary gland?
Extends from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible anterior to the ear. Two lobes, superficial and deep. Superficial lobe is subcutaneous, anterior to external ear, between skin and masseter. Deep lobe is inferior to external ear, posterior to mandibular ramus
Parotid duct? location?
parotid/stensons duct, about 5cm long, superficial to masseter muscle. pierce the buccinator and opens on the buccal mucosa, usually opposite maxillary 2nd molar. parotid papilla marks the opening of the duct.
What does the parotid gland enclose? (4)
Facial Nerve
External Carotid Artery
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Retromandibular Vein
What is the parotid gland?
An exocrine gland. The largest salivary gland, encapsulated, and produces serous fluid. Has two lobes, superficial and deep. Provides 25% of total salivary volume
What is the arterial and venous supply/return of the parotid gland?
Arterial supply - external carotid artery
Venous return - retromandibular vein
What is the nerve supply for the parotid gland? Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensory.
Parasympathetic - Glossopharyngeal N (CN XI)
Sympathetic - superficial cervical ganglion
Sensory - Auriculotemporal N
What is the lymphatic drainage for the parotid gland?
Deep parotid LN, then deep cervical LN
What is the submandibular salivary gland?
An exocrine gland, second largest, encapsulated, produces both serous and mucous fluid (mixed). Has two lobes, superficial and deep. Provides 65% of total salivary volume
What is the anatomical location of the submandibular salivary gland?
Posterior part of floor of mouth, near angle of mandible, occupies submandibular fossa. Two lobes, superficial and deep. Superficial lies superficial to the mylohyoid muscle. Deep wraps around the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle, lies on the floor of the mouth
Submandibular duct? location?
Submandibular/whartons duct, arises from deep lobe, runs forward above the mylohyoid m to reach floor of mouth, sublingual caruncle marks the orifice (beside base of lingual frenum)
The lingual nerve loops under this duct (clinical importance)
Arterial and venous supply/return of the submandibular salivary gland?
Arterial supply - facial A
Venous return - facial V
Nerve supply of submandibular gland? Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensory.
parasympathetic - facial N
sympathetic -superficial cervical ganglion
sensory - lingual N
Lymphatic drainage of the submandibular gland?
submandibular LN
What is the sublingual salivary gland?
an exocrine gland, smallest salivary gland, unencapsulated and mixed, produces mainly mucous fluid, produces 5-10% total salivary volume.
Anatomical location of the sublingual salivary gland?
lies underneath the tongue and occupies the sublingual fossa, between oral mucosa and the mylohyoid muscle.
Arterial and venous supply/return for sublingual gland?
Arterial supply - sublingual artery
Venous return - sublingual vein
Nerve supply for sublingual gland? parasympathetic, sympathetic and sensory.
parasympathetic - facial N
sympathetic - superficial cervical ganglion
sensory - lingual N
Lymphatic drainage for sublingual gland?
submandibular LN
Sublingual duct? location?
sublingual/bartholins duct - opens through sublingual caruncle/papilla
rivinus ducts - row of small ducts that open into sublingual fold (under the tongue)
What is a condition that affects the parotid salivary gland?
Mumps/Parotitis (inflamation), caused by a viral infection, usually bilateral. prevention- vaccination
Tumors, usually unilateral, can lead to facial paralysis.
What is a condition of the submandibular salivary gland?
salivary calculus (within the gland or inside the duct)
mealtime syndrome - pain and swelling of the gland when salivary flow is stimulated eg thought/sight/smell/taste of food or with hunger or chewing.
What is a condition of the sublingual salivary gland?
Ranula, a cyst that forms due to a blocked gland.
why and how do we examine the parotid salivary gland
To determine signs of infection, blockage or lesions. to make accurate clinical decisions.
E/O visually and palpation. palpate bilaterally, start anterior to each ear, move fingers to cheek area, then inferior to the angle of the mandible
I/O examine parotid papilla
how and why do we examine the submandibular salivary gland
E/O palpate bilaterally when patient lowers the head- inferior and posterior to the body of the mandible
Why, to determine signs of infection, blockages or lesions
how to examine sublingual salivary gland
palpate on floor of mouth posterior to each mandibular canine, place one finger intra-orally, fingers of other hand extra-orally. gland can be palpated between the fingers.
