Saliva and Salivary glands Flashcards
Name the 3 major salivary glands?
Parotid, Submandibular, sublingual
Functions of saliva? (6 answers)
Digestive Antibacterial Mineral protection Lubricate Taste Hormone production
Hypotonic or isotonic??? Parotid, Submandibular, sublingual
Hypotonic, Hypotonic, Isotonic
Serous or mucous??? Parotid, Submandibular, sublingual
Serous, Mixed (mainly serous), Mucous
minor glands are essentially 100% ………………….. with one exception.
mucous
In the dorsum of the tongue beneath the circumvallate papillae, the …………. are minor serous producing glands
glands of Von Ebner
Serous cells produce a ……………..
watery protein-rich fluid
mucous cells produce a more viscous……………..
mucin-rich product containing proteins linked to a greater amount of carbohydrate
Composition of saliva……………
Saliva is over 99% water, yet the very small amount of additional inorganic and organic compounds
Composition of salivary glands………..
they are compound, tubulo-acinar structures.
The primary functional units ……………….
being a combination of tubules and globe-like secretory units called acini.
composition of salivary glands what does the term compound refer to?
a salivary gland is made up of multiple secretory units with their tubules entering a main duct.
What does the duct system do?
modifies and transports the saliva to be finally secreted on to a free oral mucosal surface
salivary glands are described as?
exocrine
Non spontaneous secretor glands?
Parotid, Submandibular
Spontaneous secretor glands?
Sublingual
Glands where the collecting ducts end in single main duct
Parotid, Submandibular
Glands where the collecting ducts end in many main duct
Sublingual
Glands that have striated ducts present?
Parotid, Submandibular
Sublingual gland and part of the submandibular, the mucous regions of the gland, the acini are more……
in the form of tubes rather than spheres
In mucous region of the gland the acini essentially form their own duct system, meaning……..
There are no intercalated or striated ducts in the mucus areas of the gland.
A frequent feature of mucous acini is the presence of….
a ‘cap’ of serous secreting cells termed a ‘serous demilune
what part of the NS controls salivation?
autonomic NS
Are salivary glands exocrine or endocrine?
EXOcrine, thus have ducts associated with them
Location of Parotid gland?
right in front of the ear behind the mandible
postion of parotid ducts?
Through the MASSETER piereces the BUCCINATOR, opens up on the cavity on cheek opposite to U6
Blood supply of parotid
Braches of the EXTERNAL carotid artery
Nerve supply of parotid
glossopharyngeal nerve (9)
synapses at OTIC GANGLION
post-ganglionic nerve fibres travel via the AURICULO-TEMPORAL NERVE (V3 of trigeminal nerve)
insert into parotid
Does the facial nerve innervate the parotid
no simply passes through the protid on its way to facial muscles but does not innervate it
location of submandubular glad
under the mandible (one either side)
how many submandibular duct are there
One discrete duct
nerve supply of submandibular and sublingual?
draw the pathway?
FACIAL nerve (7) branch called CHORDA TYMPANI and branch of LINGUAL nerve (branch of V3) both synapse at the SUB-MANDIBULAR GANGLION the post-synaptic ganglionic fibres insert into submandibular and sublingual glands
Location of sublingual glands
under the tongue anterior to sub mandibular duct
what are the glands of von ebner
Location of glands in circumvallate papillae on the dorsal surface of the tounge
serous secrection
nerve supply: glossopharngeal nerve
what are ‘secretomotor cells’
nerve fibers which cause salivary gland secrection
what percentge secrection by the 3 main salivary gland
submandibular: 70%
Parotid: 25%
sublingual: 5%
on avergae day how much saliva is secreted
1,500 ml/day
Struture of salivary duct
- secretory epithelial cells arranged into a bundle= acini
- acini cells surrounded by myoepithelial cells
- the intercalated duct connects the acinus with the striated duct
- secondary modification occurs in striated duct
- excretory duct=saliva secreted
function of myoepithalial cells
contains smooth muscle which contracts= alters the flow rate of saliva
Ionic composition of saliva compared to plasma…………
HCO3- and K+ HIGHER in saliva than plasma NA+ and CL- LOWER in slaiva than plasma
Saliva is intilly …….. , as its composition changes, it becomes,………
intially isotonic- primary secretion
hypotonic- secondary secrection. more ions less water
NA entry and exit in salivary ducts……
NA enters across apical membrne via:
- ENac Na+ transporter
- Na-H exchange
NA exists across the basolateral membrane via:
Na-K pump
Cl- entry and exit in salivary ducts……..
CL- enters across apical membrne via:
Cl-HCO3 exchanger
more Cl exists across basolaterl membrane into intersitil fluid via: -Cl- ioin channels