Sailing open up your world Flashcards
When sailing, always be aware of the winds ________ and ________.
Speed and Direction
The desired force generated by the wind moving across the sail is called ____________
Lift
The direction relative to the wind in which the sailboat cannot sail is called the __________.
No Sail Zone
Sailboats can reach an upwind destination by sailing a __________ course.
ZigZag
The point of sail at the edge of the no-sail zone is called __________.
Close-Hauled
A boat sailing across the wind is said to be _________.
Reaching
Sailing straight downwind is called _________.
Running
As the sailboat’s direction changes relative to the wind, so should the sail’s __________ to the wind be adjusted.
Angle
The combination of the true wind and the wind created by the boat’s motion (that we feel on the boat) is called ________ wind.
Apparent
The _________ is an underwater fin fixed on the bottom of the sailboat that provides stability and lateral resistance.
Keel
The Sailboat’s direction through the water is controlled by the ___________, which can be turned by means of either a tiller or a steering wheel.
Rudder
Width of the boat at its wides point
Beam
LOA
Length overall
Height of the hull above the waterline
Freeboard
Depth of boat below waterline
Draft
LWL
Length on waterline
What controls the rudder angle through a series of gears, cables, and pulleys.
Wheel / Helm
______, a fixed appendage on the bottom of the hull that provides the sideways resistance needed to counter the force of the wind on the sails.
Keel
Front or forward end of a boat
Bow
Back of the boat or aft
Stern
A sailboat is steered by a fin-shaped ________, attached beneath the boat toward the stern.
Rudder
_________ are wire cables that run around the perimeter of the deck and about two feet above it, supported by ___________.
Lifelines, stanchions
The water tight floating body of boat that gives it form and houses or supports every other part of the boat.
Hull
Flat panel at the stern
transom
The area around and just forward of the tiller or steering wheel, where the crew performs most boat handling operations.
Cockpit…. joke for women is the box office
The sides of the hull, from the edge of the deck down to the water are the _______.
topsides
The boat is said to have low ___________ if the topsides are low relative to the boat’s length.
freeboard
An object sighted ________, is positioned at roughly a right angle to the boat’s centerline.
Abeam
Towards the wind
windward
Away from the wind
leeward
Access below decks via an opening called the ____________, that is usually protected from the weather by a _____________ hatch.
companionway
A ________ is a pole of any type used to support the sails.
spar
The _______ stands vertically from the deck and supports the sails, and the ___________, which supports the bottom edge of the ___________, the aft most sail.
mast, boom, mainsail
The boom is connected to the mast by an articulated connection called a _________.
gooseneck
A ________ has one mast and (usually) just two sails: the mainsail, which has its forward edge attached to the mast, and a headsail.
sloop
A generic term that refers to any sail that sets forward of the mast.
Headsail
Most common headsail
jib
A job that is so big it overlaps the mast can be called a ______
genoa
A sails forward edge: it feels the wind first.
luff
When a sail is trimmed correctly, and acting like a wing, wind flows smoothly across it from the luff to the ________, the sail’s back edge.
leech
The bottom edge of a sail is called the _______, and the top is called the _________.
foot, head
Between the luff and the foot at the sail’s bottom front corner is the _________.
tack
The corner at the very top of the sail, between the luff and the leech, is the ______.
head
Because the leech of the mainsail is unsupported along its entire length, sailmakers employ _________, solid slats or rods, to help maintain the desired airfoil shape.
battens
The corner between the leech and the foot, is the ________.
clew
What supports the mast to remain solid and upright under loads imposed by the sails, boat, and wind?
Standing rigging.
Standing rigging holding the mast in its fore-and-aft positions are called________.
stays
The _______ runs from the top of the mast to the stern; the _________ or _________ runs from the top of the mast or near the top, to the bow.
back stay, forestay, headstay
Many boats have __________, where the luff of the jib is attached to a foil-shaped tube that encloses the forestay.
roller furling
_________ provide sideways support for the mast. They are fixed to the sides of the mast at or near its top and run down to the outer edge of the deck to strong fittings called _________.
Shrouds, chainplates
To create a more effective angle of support, shrouds are sometimes pushed farther away from the mast by strong struts called _________.
spreaders
A _________ is a line used to raise or hoist a sail. It attaches to the head of a sail and runs over a pulley at the top of the mast.
halyard
A _________ is the primary line that controls the trim of a sail because it sets the angle of the sail relative to the flow of the wind.
sheet
Pulleys are used in great numbers on a sailboat, but sailors call them _________.
blocks
_________ restrains the boom from being lifted upwards by the mainsail when the mainsheet is slackened.
boom vang
When the mainsail is raised, it holds up the boom. To support the boom when the sail isn’t set, some boats are rigged with a rope or wire, called a _________, that runs from the top of the mast to the aft end of the boom.
Boom topping lift
