Sahel Countries

Question 1

Sahel countries

Answer 1

Chad
Mali
Burkina Faso
Sudan

Question 2

Political barriers

Answer 2

Secular- freedom of religion
North wants autonomy - AQIM control Timbuktu
Coup d’etat March 2012 - ECOWAS sent 3000 troops

Question 3

Economic barriers

Answer 3

64% live below poverty line
Gold mining is 2nd main export
AQIM put ban on visiting historical shrine in Timbuktu

Question 4

Environmental barriers

Answer 4

North is desert, South is fertile savanna
River Niger in South - 1700km of land
Mostly subsistence agriculture - rice, cereal

Question 5

Social barriers

Answer 5

Food shortages lead t anger (extremism)
High infant mortality rate
37000 refugees in Burkina Faso
Shallow integration

Question 6

Other barriers

Answer 6

Little shelter, water, roads, hospitals - Mali

Main language French

Question 7

Reasons for staying switched off

Answer 7

Govt don’t help area/people enough
Landlocked + poor neighbours - can’t trade
Poor physical geo (desert)
AQIM makes political instability
Lack of internet + poor farming conditions

Question 8

Chad Political

Answer 8

99% funds for health and hospitals went to military

Govt declared aid money as ‘security’ - changed policy so could spend more on military

Question 9

Chad Economic

Answer 9

Infrastructure of expensive - limited potential

Low wages mean negligible spending power - markets not viable so no investment

Question 10

Chad Environmental

Answer 10

Lack coastline

Arid conditions - desertification