Safety in Phlebotomy

Question 1

Types of Infection

Answer 1

• Local
• Systemic
• Autogenous

Question 2

Capable of spreading from person to person

Answer 2

Communicable disease

Question 3

Means of Transmission of Infection

Answer 3

• Contact
  – Direct and indirect
• Droplet
• Vehicle
• Airborne
• Vector-borne

Question 4

physical transfer of infective material from the source to susceptible host

Answer 4

direct contact

Question 5

transfer of infective materials via an object, such as bed linens

Answer 5

Indirect contact

Question 6

travel 1 meter or less from the infected individual

Answer 6

Droplet

Question 7

transfer of infective material through contaminated items, such as food

Answer 7

vehicle

Question 8

droplets that transfer on air currents, such as TB

Answer 8

airbone

Question 9

transmission by insects, such as anopheles mosquito for malaria

Answer 9

Vector

Question 10

Types of Body Fluids

Answer 10

• Amniotic
• Peritoneal
• Pericardial
• Synovial
• Pleural
• Edematous
• Seminal
• Cerebrospinal

Question 11

Five Points of Standard Precautions

Answer 11

*Wash hands
*Wear gloves
*Wear protective covering
*Wear a mask and eye protection when appropriate
*Use designated sharps containers

Question 12

Tactics to Reduce Risk of Exposure to Blood-borne Pathogens

Answer 12

*Engineering controls
*Work practices
*Housekeeping
*Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination
*Private rooms
*Personal protective equipment

Question 13

Physical and mechanical devices available to the health care associate to reduce or eliminate the potential to transfer infectious diseases

Answer 13

Engineering Controls

Question 14

Types of Engineering Controls

Answer 14

– Sharps containers
– Transport bags and containers
– Self-sheathing needles and holders

Question 15

Reduce possibility of transmission of infection by separating patient with disease from other patients and health care associates

Answer 15

Private Rooms

Question 16

*Handwashing
*Proper disposal of sharps
*Avoiding eating, drinking, smoking, handling contact lenses, or applying cosmetics or lip balm in work areas
*Storing food and drink separate from infectious materials

Answer 16

Work Practice Controls

Question 17

• Clean up spills
• Decontaminate soiled areas immediately with a disinfectant such as 10 percent bleach made up fresh daily
• Avoid picking up broken glass with hands

Answer 17

housekeeping

Question 18

Must be available free of charge to phlebotomist

Answer 18

Hepatitis B Vaccination

Question 19

Effective for more than 15 years in protecting the phlebotomist from contracting the disease or becoming a carrier

Answer 19

Hepatitis B Vaccination

Question 20

Agency of the federal government

Answer 20

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 21

Investigates the possibility of unsafe practices in the work environment

Answer 21

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 22

Develop and promote standards for all occupations

Answer 22

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 23

Develop and issue regulations

Answer 23

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 24

Determine level of compliance with health and safety regulations

Answer 24

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 25

Level fines for noncompliance with health and safety regulations

Answer 25

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Question 26

Biohazard labels must be fluorescent orange or orange- red with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.

Answer 26

needles and sharps

Question 27

Most healthcare facilities have these as Internet-assessable forms

Answer 27

Material Safety Data Sheets

Question 28

Information that must be on file to indicate hazards of chemicals used in laboratory
– Does not need to be a paper file

Answer 28

Material Safety Data Sheets

Question 29

Most common used type of extinguisher in the lab

Answer 29

Class ABC fire extinguishers

Question 30

Includes fires of combustible and reactive metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, lithium

Answer 30

Class D fire extinguishers

Question 31

Contain dry powder medium that does not react or combine with the burning materials

Answer 31

Class D fire extinguishers

Question 32

Fires in energized electrical equipment and Include carbon dioxide and dry chemical

Answer 32

Class C fire extinguishers

Question 33

best universal fire extinguisher for computer equipment

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide

Question 34

Includes flammable liquids and gases- elements that require the blockage of oxygen from fire to extinguish it.

Answer 34

Class B fire extinguishers

Question 35

Include carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, & loaded-stream extinguishers

Answer 35

Class B fire extinguishers

Question 36

used for elements that require the cooling action of water to extinguish the fire

Answer 36

Class A fire extinguishers

Question 37

include foam, loaded-stream and multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers and Includes fires of ordinary combustible materials in the lab like wood, plastics, paper

Answer 37

Class A fire extinguishers

Question 38

National Fire Protection Association’s key word for action

Answer 38

RACE

Question 39

*Irritant contact dermatitis resulting in skin irritation
*Symptoms begin 24 to 72 hours after exposure

Answer 39

Type IV latex allergy

Question 40

More serious (symptoms: nausea, low BP, respiratory distress)
*Immunologic reaction up to anaphylactic shock (life threatening)

Answer 40

Type I latex allergy

Question 41

Waste is burned to ashes- potentially kills microorganisms, makes items nonusable

Answer 41

incinerator

Question 42

Waste is grinded or chopped into smaller pellets then treated with disinfectant

Answer 42

Chemical treatment

Question 43

Steam sterilization technique

Answer 43

autoclave

Question 44

*Healthcare-associated
*Hospital-acquired
*Develops 48 hours after admission or within 30 days after discharge from a hospital or health care facility

Answer 44

Nosocomial Infection

Question 45

*Infection picked up prior to admission
– Infection occurs before 48 hours after admission

Answer 45

Community-Acquired Infection

Question 46

Infection restricted to one area of body

Answer 46

Local

Question 47

Infection that affects entire body

Answer 47

Systemic

Question 48

Infection from patient’s own flora

Answer 48

Autogenous

Question 49

Category-Specific Isolation

Answer 49

• Strict
• Contact
• Respiratory
• Tuberculosis
• Drainage/Secretion
• Enteric
• Protective or Reverse

Question 50

Disease-Specific Isolation

Answer 50

• Strict
• Contact
• Respiratory
• Tuberculosis
• Enteric
• Drainage
• Blood and body fluid

Question 51

Transmission-Based Precautions

Answer 51

– Airborne
– Droplet
– Contact

Question 52

Exposure control plan must be developed

Answer 52

OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements

Question 53

Engineering controls specific to a safer device must be used when feasible.

Answer 53

OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements

Question 54

Employee input must be sought when choosing safer devices

Answer 54

OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements

Question 55

Must be recordkeeping of any injuries

Answer 55

OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements

Question 56

Biohazard labels must be fluorescent orange or orange- red with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.

Answer 56

Needles and Sharps

Question 57

All procedures involving blood or potentially infectious materials are to be performed to minimize splashing, splattering, or generation of droplets

Answer 57

Laboratory Techniques

Question 58

Health care associate must wear gloves and protective clothing when working with any potentially infectious material

Answer 58

Laboratory Techniques

Question 59

RACE

Answer 59

– Rescue anyone in danger.
– Sound the Alarm.
– Contain the fire by closing doors and/or windows
– Extinguish/Evacuate

Question 60

Most common electrical equipment a phlebotomist uses

Answer 60

centrifuge

Question 61

in Electrical Safety other electrical equipment includes

Answer 61

computers, fans, and space heaters

Question 62

Requirements for disposal of waste

Answer 62

Alter the product so no one can remove used needles or syringes or other devices for their own personal use or be injured by an exposed sharp

The waste must be rendered noninfectious so people handling it will not become infected and the environment will not be contaminated

Question 63

Disposal of Infectious Materials

Answer 63

– Incineration
– Chemical treatment
– Autoclave