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MLS 102 - LAB > Safety in Phlebotomy > Flashcards

Safety in Phlebotomy Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Infection

A
  • Local
  • Systemic
  • Autogenous
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2
Q

Capable of spreading from person to person

A

Communicable disease

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3
Q

Means of Transmission of Infection

A
  • Contact
    – Direct and indirect
  • Droplet
  • Vehicle
  • Airborne
  • Vector-borne
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4
Q

physical transfer of infective material from the source to susceptible host

A

direct contact

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5
Q

transfer of infective materials via an object, such as bed linens

A

Indirect contact

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6
Q

travel 1 meter or less from the infected individual

A

Droplet

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7
Q

transfer of infective material through contaminated items, such as food

A

vehicle

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8
Q

droplets that transfer on air currents, such as TB

A

airbone

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9
Q

transmission by insects, such as anopheles mosquito for malaria

A

Vector

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10
Q

Types of Body Fluids

A
  • Amniotic
  • Peritoneal
  • Pericardial
  • Synovial
  • Pleural
  • Edematous
  • Seminal
  • Cerebrospinal
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11
Q

Five Points of Standard Precautions

A

*Wash hands
*Wear gloves
*Wear protective covering
*Wear a mask and eye protection when appropriate
*Use designated sharps containers

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12
Q

Tactics to Reduce Risk of Exposure to Blood-borne Pathogens

A

*Engineering controls
*Work practices
*Housekeeping
*Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination
*Private rooms
*Personal protective equipment

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13
Q

Physical and mechanical devices available to the health care associate to reduce or eliminate the potential to transfer infectious diseases

A

Engineering Controls

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14
Q

Types of Engineering Controls

A

– Sharps containers
– Transport bags and containers
– Self-sheathing needles and holders

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15
Q

Reduce possibility of transmission of infection by separating patient with disease from other patients and health care associates

A

Private Rooms

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16
Q

*Handwashing
*Proper disposal of sharps
*Avoiding eating, drinking, smoking, handling contact lenses, or applying cosmetics or lip balm in work areas
*Storing food and drink separate from infectious materials

A

Work Practice Controls

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17
Q
  • Clean up spills
  • Decontaminate soiled areas immediately with a disinfectant such as 10 percent bleach made up fresh daily
  • Avoid picking up broken glass with hands
A

housekeeping

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18
Q

Must be available free of charge to phlebotomist

A

Hepatitis B Vaccination

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19
Q

Effective for more than 15 years in protecting the phlebotomist from contracting the disease or becoming a carrier

A

Hepatitis B Vaccination

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20
Q

Agency of the federal government

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

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21
Q

Investigates the possibility of unsafe practices in the work environment

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

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22
Q

Develop and promote standards for all occupations

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

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23
Q

Develop and issue regulations

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

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24
Q

Determine level of compliance with health and safety regulations

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

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25
Level fines for noncompliance with health and safety regulations
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards
26
Biohazard labels must be fluorescent orange or orange- red with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.
needles and sharps
27
Most healthcare facilities have these as Internet-assessable forms
Material Safety Data Sheets
28
Information that must be on file to indicate hazards of chemicals used in laboratory – Does not need to be a paper file
Material Safety Data Sheets
29
Most common used type of extinguisher in the lab
Class ABC fire extinguishers
30
Includes fires of combustible and reactive metals such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, lithium
Class D fire extinguishers
31
Contain dry powder medium that does not react or combine with the burning materials
Class D fire extinguishers
32
Fires in energized electrical equipment and Include carbon dioxide and dry chemical
Class C fire extinguishers
33
best universal fire extinguisher for computer equipment
Carbon dioxide
34
Includes flammable liquids and gases- elements that require the blockage of oxygen from fire to extinguish it.
Class B fire extinguishers
35
Include carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, & loaded-stream extinguishers
Class B fire extinguishers
36
used for elements that require the cooling action of water to extinguish the fire
Class A fire extinguishers
37
include foam, loaded-stream and multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers and Includes fires of ordinary combustible materials in the lab like wood, plastics, paper
Class A fire extinguishers
38
National Fire Protection Association’s key word for action
RACE
39
*Irritant contact dermatitis resulting in skin irritation *Symptoms begin 24 to 72 hours after exposure
Type IV latex allergy
40
More serious (symptoms: nausea, low BP, respiratory distress) *Immunologic reaction up to anaphylactic shock (life threatening)
Type I latex allergy
41
Waste is burned to ashes- potentially kills microorganisms, makes items nonusable
incinerator
42
Waste is grinded or chopped into smaller pellets then treated with disinfectant
Chemical treatment
43
Steam sterilization technique
autoclave
44
*Healthcare-associated *Hospital-acquired *Develops 48 hours after admission or within 30 days after discharge from a hospital or health care facility
Nosocomial Infection
45
*Infection picked up prior to admission – Infection occurs before 48 hours after admission
Community-Acquired Infection
46
Infection restricted to one area of body
Local
47
Infection that affects entire body
Systemic
48
Infection from patient’s own flora
Autogenous
49
Category-Specific Isolation
* Strict * Contact * Respiratory * Tuberculosis * Drainage/Secretion * Enteric * Protective or Reverse
50
Disease-Specific Isolation
* Strict * Contact * Respiratory * Tuberculosis * Enteric * Drainage * Blood and body fluid
51
Transmission-Based Precautions
– Airborne – Droplet – Contact
52
Exposure control plan must be developed
OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements
53
Engineering controls specific to a safer device must be used when feasible.
OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements
54
Employee input must be sought when choosing safer devices
OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements
55
Must be recordkeeping of any injuries
OSHA Standards: Basic Requirements
56
Biohazard labels must be fluorescent orange or orange- red with lettering or symbols in a contrasting color.
Needles and Sharps
57
All procedures involving blood or potentially infectious materials are to be performed to minimize splashing, splattering, or generation of droplets
Laboratory Techniques
58
Health care associate must wear gloves and protective clothing when working with any potentially infectious material
Laboratory Techniques
59
RACE
– Rescue anyone in danger. – Sound the Alarm. – Contain the fire by closing doors and/or windows – Extinguish/Evacuate
60
Most common electrical equipment a phlebotomist uses
centrifuge
61
in Electrical Safety other electrical equipment includes
computers, fans, and space heaters
62
Requirements for disposal of waste
Alter the product so no one can remove used needles or syringes or other devices for their own personal use or be injured by an exposed sharp The waste must be rendered noninfectious so people handling it will not become infected and the environment will not be contaminated
63
Disposal of Infectious Materials
– Incineration – Chemical treatment – Autoclave

MLS 102 - LAB (2 decks)

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