Safety and infection Flashcards
if a patient is shocked, do you attend the pt or turn off the power?
Turn off the power first then patient.
What should you do with unsafe, or items that don’t work?
Tag and remove it
For radiation, if an implant is displaced or dislodged, what should you do?
Do not touch it!
For X-ray, what should you wear?
Lead shield
What should you wear with regular radiation exposure?
Wear a detector badge to monitor level
Who should you speak with if you’re unsure about a safe way to transfer or ambulate a pt?
Therapy
What is a chemical restraint?
Medication
What do you need if you MUST use restraints?
An order
Is it okay to have a PRN order for restraints?P
Never! If necessary, the physician must be notified every time?
What kind of knot you should always use?
Quick release knot
List the restraints.
Mittens Enclosure bed Posey vests, lap belts Limb restraints Chemical restraints
Contact precautions
All standard precautions + always wear a gown a gloves, even when not dealing with soiled material, place patient in private room (may be in room with another patient if they have the same microorganism)
Droplet precautions
All standard + contact precautions, and you must wear a mask when within 3 feet of the patient, patient must wear a surgical mask when leaving the room (try to limit patient exiting room as much as possible)
Airborne precautions
All standard + contact + patient must be in a negative airflow pressure room with at least 6-12 air changes/hour. Staff/visitors must wear an N95 mask when in the room. Patient must wear a surgical mask when leaving the room (again, limit this to only medically necessary times)
What are some contraindications in immunization?
If a patient had a previous allergic response to a vaccination
If patient has a compromised immune system, they should not receive a live vaccine
Use extreme caution if patient is already ill before giving a vaccine
What should you do if someone might have a severe reaction?
Protect airway; intubation and CPR may be necessary for the most severe of reactions
What should you do with a mild reaction?
For mild reactions, epinephrine or diphenhydramine may be ordered and given
List Infection stages
IPIC ( I pee I see)
-Incubation
Time between exposure to pathogen and the first development of general signs and symptoms
-Prodromal
Time between end of incubation period and when signs and symptoms specific to the illness are exhibited
-Illness or acute
Time when organism is multiplying rapidly, immune system is at its peak, and symptoms are pronounced
-Convalescence
Time when pathogen load is decreasing, acute symptoms begin to disappear, and patient begins to return back to baseline
High Fowler’s
sitting up in bed, HOB 60-90°
Imagine patient just sitting straight up in bed
Fowler’s
sitting up in bed, HOB 45-60°
Most commonly referring to 45°
Semi Fowlers
semi-sitting up in bed, HOB 15-30°
May be called low Fowler’s
Orthopneic
sitting in bed with a table across their lap, leaning fully onto the table
Respiratory advantages to this position
Supine
flat on the back, HOB flat
Prone
on stomach, head to the side, HOB flat
