Safety and infection

Question 1

if a patient is shocked, do you attend the pt or turn off the power?

Answer 1

Turn off the power first then patient.

Question 2

What should you do with unsafe, or items that don’t work?

Answer 2

Tag and remove it

Question 3

For radiation, if an implant is displaced or dislodged, what should you do?

Answer 3

Do not touch it!

Question 4

For X-ray, what should you wear?

Answer 4

Lead shield

Question 5

What should you wear with regular radiation exposure?

Answer 5

Wear a detector badge to monitor level

Question 6

Who should you speak with if you’re unsure about a safe way to transfer or ambulate a pt?

Answer 6

Therapy

Question 7

What is a chemical restraint?

Answer 7

Medication

Question 8

What do you need if you MUST use restraints?

Answer 8

An order

Question 9

Is it okay to have a PRN order for restraints?P

Answer 9

Never! If necessary, the physician must be notified every time?

Question 10

What kind of knot you should always use?

Answer 10

Quick release knot

Question 11

List the restraints.

Answer 11

Mittens
Enclosure bed
Posey vests, lap belts
Limb restraints
Chemical restraints

Question 12

Contact precautions

Answer 12

All standard precautions + always wear a gown a gloves, even when not dealing with soiled material, place patient in private room (may be in room with another patient if they have the same microorganism)

Question 13

Droplet precautions

Answer 13

All standard + contact precautions, and you must wear a mask when within 3 feet of the patient, patient must wear a surgical mask when leaving the room (try to limit patient exiting room as much as possible)

Question 14

Airborne precautions

Answer 14

All standard + contact + patient must be in a negative airflow pressure room with at least 6-12 air changes/hour. Staff/visitors must wear an N95 mask when in the room. Patient must wear a surgical mask when leaving the room (again, limit this to only medically necessary times)

Question 15

What are some contraindications in immunization?

Answer 15

If a patient had a previous allergic response to a vaccination
If patient has a compromised immune system, they should not receive a live vaccine
Use extreme caution if patient is already ill before giving a vaccine

Question 16

What should you do if someone might have a severe reaction?

Answer 16

Protect airway; intubation and CPR may be necessary for the most severe of reactions

Question 17

What should you do with a mild reaction?

Answer 17

For mild reactions, epinephrine or diphenhydramine may be ordered and given

Question 18

List Infection stages

Answer 18

IPIC ( I pee I see)

-Incubation
Time between exposure to pathogen and the first development of general signs and symptoms
-Prodromal
Time between end of incubation period and when signs and symptoms specific to the illness are exhibited
-Illness or acute
Time when organism is multiplying rapidly, immune system is at its peak, and symptoms are pronounced
-Convalescence
Time when pathogen load is decreasing, acute symptoms begin to disappear, and patient begins to return back to baseline

Question 19

High Fowler’s

Answer 19

sitting up in bed, HOB 60-90°

Imagine patient just sitting straight up in bed

Question 20

Fowler’s

Answer 20

sitting up in bed, HOB 45-60°

Most commonly referring to 45°

Question 21

Semi Fowlers

Answer 21

semi-sitting up in bed, HOB 15-30°

May be called low Fowler’s

Question 22

Orthopneic

Answer 22

sitting in bed with a table across their lap, leaning fully onto the table
Respiratory advantages to this position

Question 23

Supine

Answer 23

flat on the back, HOB flat

Question 24

Prone

Answer 24

on stomach, head to the side, HOB flat

Question 25

Dorsal Recumbent

Answer 25

lying flat with a pillow under the head/shoulders

Question 26

Lateral

Answer 26

lying on the side, knees flexed

Question 27

Sim’s

Answer 27

half on the stomach, half on the side
Sometimes called semi-prone because they’re half on their stomach
Pregnant patients are typically most comfortable in this position

Question 28

Normal urine output per hour?

Answer 28

between 30-80 ml

Question 29

Normal urine output per day?

Answer 29

between 800 and 2000ml