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Wastewater > Safety and Adminstration > Flashcards

Safety and Adminstration Flashcards

1
Q

Hazards associated with confined spaces.

A
  • Explosive atmospheres (methane, gasoline vapors, etc.)
  • Toxic atmospheres (hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, etc.)
  • Low oxygen atmospheres
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2
Q

Safety precautions to take when there is a requirement to work in a confined space.

A
  1. Continuous ventilation must be provided
  2. The air must be tested for hazardous atmospheres prior to entry
  3. The atmosphere must be tested at least every 30 minutes
  4. At least 2 people are required: entrant and attendant. There must be a means of communication between the entrant and
    the attendant.
  5. A retrieval harness hooked to a tripod is required in most cases
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3
Q

The self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) should be located here.

A

On the wall just outside of the chlorine facility

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4
Q

Hazards associated with hydrogen sulfide gas.

A
  • Poisonous gas can cause breathing paralysis
  • Gas can poison olfactory senses making detection by smell difficult
  • Gas is flammable and explosive
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5
Q

Why odor detection of hazardous atmospheres is not reliable.

A
  • Some poisonous gasses are odorless (carbon monoxide)
  • Some poisonous gasses poison through the sense of smell (hydrogen sulfide)
  • Lack of oxygen cannot be detected by smell
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6
Q

Tire explosive range for methane and air mixtures.

A

5-15% methane to air

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7
Q

Oxygen concentrations:
Normal atmosphere
Minimum safe level
Maximum safe level
Lethal condition

A
  • Approximately 21% oxygen
  • 19.5 % oxygen
  • 24.5% oxygen
  • 15% or less oxygen
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8
Q

Distinction between combustible and flammable liquids

A
  • Flash point below 100°F (gasoline)
  • Flash point equal to or above 100 ° F (diesel)
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9
Q

Individual who is trained and capable of identifying working conditions that are
hazardous, unsanitary, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take
prompt corrective measures.

A

Competent person

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10
Q

Utilized to provide safety for individuals working in the vicinity of traffic.

A
  • Barricades
  • Traffic cones
  • Flagger
  • Warning signs
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11
Q

Recommended response to a serious chlorine leak

A

Move to high ground, up-wind of the chlorine gas cloud

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12
Q

Recommended personal hygiene for wastewater operators

A
  • Keep your hands away from your mouth and eyes
  • Wash your hands often and before eating and smoking
  • Immediately apply first aid to cuts and scratches
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13
Q

The way that acid and water should be added together to avoid splattering of the acid.

A

Always add acid to water, while stirring. Never add water to concentrated acid.

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14
Q

Space that has limited openings for entry and exit unfavorable natural ventilation, may contain or produce hazardous substances, and is not intended for continuous occupancy.

A

Confined space

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15
Q

Safety precaution that should be used whenever working on equipment powered by electricity

A

The panel that energizes the equipment should be properly locked out and tagged.

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16
Q

Missing Question 16

A

The mixture emits a highly toxic mixture of gases.

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17
Q

Precautions that should be taken when working around an anaerobic digester.

A
  • Use only explosion proof electrical equipment.
  • Do not smoke within 100 ft of the digester.
  • Properly ventilate and test the interior atmosphere of a digester before entering.
  • Provide continuous ventilation during work inside the digester.
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18
Q

Immunizations recommended for wastewater personnel.

A
  • There are no additional immunizations recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for wastewater personnel.
  • All adults should be vaccinated against diphtheria and tetanus.
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19
Q

Common hazard encountered while working at a wastewater treatment facility.

A

Slipping and falling

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20
Q

Minimum amperage that is considered lethal

A

1/3 amp

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21
Q

Hazard associated with shock by low voltage

A

Heart fibrillation

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22
Q

I he threshold odor for gas chlorine

A

Approximately 1 ppm (Various sources give a range of 0.3 to 3.0 ppm)

23
Q

Exhaust vents for chlorine handling facilities should be located here.

A

Near the floor of the chlorine facility

24
Q

Exposure to chlorine can result in these life threatening conditions.

A
  • Suffocation
  • Secondary respiratory infection leading to pneumonia
  • Pulmonary edema (water on the lungs)
25
Q

Chlorine gas is visible at this concentration in air.

A

100 ppm

26
Q

Why odor detection of hazardous atmospheres is not reliable.

A
  • Some poisonous gases are odorless (carbon monoxide)
  • Some poisonous gases deaden the sense of smell (hydrogen sulfide)
  • Lack of oxygen cannot be detected by smell
27
Q

Hazard created when dry chlorine is contaminated with organic material such as oil, rags
paper, etc.

A

Fire or explosion

28
Q

Use this to detect small chlorine leaks.

A

Ammonia soaked rag or squeeze bottle containing cotton soaked with ammonia

29
Q

These are used to repair chlorine container leaks

A

□ “A” kit: 150 lb cylinders
□ “B” kit: 1-ton containers
□ “C” kit: railcars

30
Q

Water can do this to a chlorine container leak.

A

Cause the leak to become worse

31
Q

Expansion of liquid chlorine to gas chlorine

A

Gas chlorine occupies 450 times more volume than liquid chlorine.

32
Q

This must be done if an accident occurs

A

The accident must be reported immediately

33
Q

Hazardous gases that may be encountered in a confined space.

A

□ Hydrogen sulfide * H2S
□ Carbon dioxide CO2
□ Methane CH,
□ Carbon monoxide CO

  • Most toxic
34
Q

Classification of fires; used to determine the type of extinguisher:
wood, paper, rubbish, etc.
oil, solvents, gasoline, etc.
electrical

A

□ Class “A”
□ Class ”B”
□ Class “C”

35
Q

The exposure limits for chlorine gas:
PEL (Permissible Exposure Limit, exposure at no time shall exceed)
REL (Recommended Exposure Limit, up to 10 hour work day)
TLV (Threshold Limit Value, 8 hour work day and 40 hour work week)

A

□ 1.0 ppm (PEL)
□ 0.5 ppm (REL)
□ 0.5 ppm (TLV)

36
Q

The purpose of the fusible plug(s) in chlorine cylinders.

A

Prevents the rupture or explosion of cylinders due to high pressure

37
Q

Hazardous gasses generated by anaerobic digesters.

A

□ Methane: explosive, displaces oxygen
□ Hydrogen sulfide: toxic, explosive in high concentrations

38
Q

Locating a suspected leak in a anaerobic digester gas line

A

Apply soapy water - look for bubbles

39
Q

Personnel should not work alone on energized equipment that operates at or above this voltage

A

480 volts

40
Q

LFL

A

Lower flammability limit

41
Q

Hearing protection is required when noise levels exceed this.

A

85 decibels (dB) over 8 hours

42
Q

Factors that contribute to hearing damage

A

□ Loudness (decibels)
□ Length of exposure
□ Distance from the noise

43
Q

“Rule of thumb” when hearing protection should be provided.

A

You must raise your voice to be heard less than 2 ft away.

44
Q

Immediate first aid for burns.

A

Flood with cold water

45
Q

An operator can refuse to work with a hazardous substance

A

When the employee fails to provide the appropriate MSDS information

46
Q

When a permit is required to enter a confined space.

A

□ Hazardous atmosphere or
□ Potential for engulfment or
□ Dangerous configuration (ie. tunnel) or
□ Other serious bazard(s)

47
Q

Response to active “horseplay.”

A

Stop it immediately as it could likely cause injury or accident

48
Q

MSDS

A

Materials safety data sheet(s)

49
Q

OSHA

A

□ Occupational Safety and Health Administration
□ OSHA issues and enforces workplace safety requirements

50
Q

Qualifies as hazardous waste.

A

□ Ignitable - flammable or explosive (like gasoline or solvents)
□ Corrosive or caustic (like acids and bases)
□ Reactive (like chlorine)
□ Toxic (like lead based paint)

51
Q

MSDS information of key importance

A

□ Chemical name(s)
□ Emergency procedure for spills
□ Necessary’ personal protective equipment (PPE)

52
Q

The first step in hazardous waste reduction

A

Source reduction

53
Q

Review of all aspects of the wastewater treatment system to determine what would occur during various types of emergency situations.

A

Vulnerability assessment

Wastewater (10 decks)

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