Safety

Question 1

The philosophy that there is no safe dose of radiation refers to what kind of radiation effects?

Answer 1

Stochastic effects

Question 2

Secondary lead barriers are used in radiology departments to:

Answer 2

Protect staff from scatter radiation during radiographic exams

Question 3

For a radiologic technologist who is pregnant, NCRP #116 recommends an equivalent dose limit for the embryo / fetus over the total gestation period of:

Answer 3

5 mSv

Question 4

Which of the following is a common deterministic effect of high-dose radiation exposure?

Answer 4

Cataract formation

Question 5

What is the minimum dose at which temporary epilation can occur?

Answer 5

2 Gy

Question 5

What period of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is characterized by the full onset of systemic illness?

Answer 5

Manifest phase

Question 6

Which two of the following are potential effects of radiation exposure to the gonads?

Answer 6

• Sperm count reduction
• Miscarriages

Question 7

During mobile radiography, why is it important for the technologist to communicate clearly with nearby medical staff?

Answer 7

To ensure all personnel maintain a safe distance

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the dose-response relationship for stochastic effects?

Answer 7

Non-threshold-linear

Question 8

In the context of radiation protection, air kerma is significant because it measures the:

Answer 8

Energy transferred from ionizing radiation to air

Question 9

What role do lead aprons play in radiographic imaging?

Answer 9

They protect areas outside the field of interest by absorbing x-ray photons.

Question 10

Which of the following effects is most likely to occur at low doses of radiation?

Answer 10

Short-term changes to blood chemistry

Question 11

Regarding public exposure limits, NCRP #116 sets the annual limit for continuous or frequent exposures from artificial sources other than medical exposure to:

Answer 11

1 mSv

Question 12

What is the recommended maximum dose limit for occupational radiation exposure for radiologic technologists in the United States?

Answer 12

50 mSv per year

Question 13

The primary principle for protecting personnel from exposure while handling radioactive materials is to:

Answer 13

Use time, distance, and shielding when handling radioactive materials

Question 14

Which biological effect of radiation exposure is described by the linear non - threshold model?

Answer 14

Stochastic effects

Question 15

What radiation effect is associated with a specific dose threshold?

Answer 15

Deterministic effect

Question 16

Regarding public exposure limits, NCRP #116 sets the annual limit for continuous or frequent exposures from artificial sources other than medical exposure to:

Answer 16

1 mSv

Question 17

What type of barrier is most effective for protecting radiologic technologies from scatter radiation in a fixed radiographic room?

Answer 17

Lead-lined walls and control booth

Question 18

During what stage of pregnancy is the central nervous system especially sensitive to radiation?

Answer 18

Fetal

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the reason for using dose area product (DAP) as a metric in radiography?

Answer 19

To measure the total radiation exposure to the patient from a procedure

Question 20

What role do lead aprons play in radiologic imaging?

Answer 20

They protect areas outside the field of interest by absorbing x-ray photons

Question 21

What is the significance of fluoroscopy exposure rate guidelines as outlined in 21 CFR?

Answer 21

They establish limits on the radiation output of fluoroscopic equipment

Question 22

Which of the following is the best practice to ensure optimal image quality and minimize patient exposure in digital radiography?

Answer 22

Ensure proper patient positioning

Question 23

The international system of units for absorbed dose is

Answer 23

Gray (Gy)

Question 24

Which of the following practice is MOST effective in minimizing patient dose during fluoroscopy without compromising diagnostic information?

Answer 24

Utilizing automatic brightness control (ABC)

Question 25

The nucelus of an atom conisdered to have what type of charge?

Answer 25

Positive

Question 26

In the context of radiation biology, which phase of the cell cycle is most sensitive to ionizing radiation?

Answer 26

M phase

Question 27

What is the approximate oxygen enhancement ratio (OER) for x-rays when the radiation dose is high?

Answer 27

3

Question 28

Loss of appetite (anorexia) is a potential clinical effect during which phase of ARS?

Answer 28

Prodromal

Question 29

Which three of the following may be used to reduce patient exposure during pediatric procedures?

Answer 29

- gaining cooperation during the procedure - selecting high mA with short exposure time - using effective immobilization techniques

Question 30

Which two of the following are considered delayed somatic effects of radiation?

Answer 30

- cancer - cataracts

Question 31

Which of the following best describes the dose equivalent limits for occupational exposure to the skin, according to NCRP #116?

Answer 31

500 mSv annually for the skin of the whole body

Question 32

What is the estimated latency period of radiation-induced leukemia in children?

Answer 32

2 to 3 years

Question 33

What does the emission of characteristic x-ray result from?

Answer 33

Electrons moving from lower to higher energy levels

Question 34

Why should radiologic technologist always use the shortest exposure time possible during radiologic procedures?

Answer 34

To minimize motion artifacts

Question 35

Dose equivalent is a measure that accounts for:

Answer 35

The type of radiation and its energy absrobed per unit mass of tissue

Question 36

According to NCRP #116, what is the annual occupational dose equivalent limit for the lens of the eye?

Answer 36

150 mSv

Question 37

As kVp decrease, the probability of a photoelectric absorption interaction will:

Answer 37

Increase

Question 38

Which beam restriction technique is most effective in reducing patient exposure without compromising the diagnostic quality of a plevic radiograph?

Answer 38

Implementation of varriable collimation

Question 39

Under NCRP recommendations, the annual occupational whole-body dose equivalent limit is:

Answer 39

50 mSv

Question 40

Lethal effects to the zygote/embryo/fetus are most likely to occur during what stage of pregnancy?

Answer 40

Germinal

Question 41

Which of the following individuals may perform fluoroscopic procedures?

Answer 41

physician

Question 42

Which organ system response to whole-body radiation exposure has a minimum threshold dose of 2 Gy?

Answer 42

Hematopoietic syndrome

Question 42

What does a consistent pattern of low exosure across a department suggest about the personnel dosimetry reports?

Answer 42

Effective and uniform safety practices

Question 43

Which organ system response to whole-body radiation exposure has a minimum threshold dose of 8 Gy?

Answer 43

Gastrointestinal syndrome

Question 44

Which organ system response to whole-body radiation exposure has a minimum threshold dose of 30 Gy?

Answer 44

Central nervous sytem syndrome