SAFe Principles & Core Values Flashcards

1
Q

Which SAFe principle addresses the “cone of uncertainty”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

Solution development is an inherently uncertain process. Technical variability and market variability are present throughout the development process. Team s use Set-Based Design (SBD) or Set-Based Concurrent Engineering (SBCE) to manage these variabilities and preserve design options.

In this approach, developers cast a wider design net initially, considering multiple design choices at the start. After that, they continuously evaluate economic and technical trade-offs—typically as exhibited by the objective evidence presented at integration-based learning points.

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2
Q

What is the iterative learning style practiced as part of SAFe Principle #4 to Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles?

A. Explore - Integrate - Deploy - Release

B. Plan - Do - Check - Adjust

C. Check-Adjust - Plan - Do

D. Plan-Build-Run

A

B. Plan - Do - Check - Adjust

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3
Q

Facilitating small batch sizes is a practice of which SAFe Principle?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles:  
-  Improves learning efficiency by
decreasing the time between action
and effect
 -  Reduces the cost of risk-taking by
truncating unsuccessful paths quickly
 -  Is facilitated by small batch sizes
 -  Requires increased investment in
development environment

The shorter the cycles, the faster the
learning.

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4
Q

Leveraging integration points to control product development is a skill of which SAFe Principle?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

Building incrementally with fast integrated learning cycles uses its integration points to control product development and accelerate learning.

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5
Q

Which SAFe Principle teaches that “Development can proceed no faster than the slowest learning loop.”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

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6
Q

SAFe Principle #4 champions which of the following?

A. Use frequent integration points reduce risk

B. Allow for continuous, cost-effective adjustments towards an optimum Solution

C. Calculate cost of delay

D. Unlock intrinsic motivation with autonomy, mastery, and purpose

A

A. Use frequent integration points reduce risk

SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

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7
Q

What are the 4 Core Values of SAFe?

A. Authenticity, LifeLong Learning, Growing Others, Emotional Intelligence

B. Vision, Mission, Strategy, Plan

C. Alignment, Transparency, Built-in Quality, Program Execution

D. Vision, Leadership, Coalition for Change, Psychological Safety

A

C. Alignment, Transparency, Built-in Quality, Program Execution

SAFe is based on four primary bodies of knowledge: Agile development, Lean product development, systems thinking, and DevOps. That makes SAFe broad, deep and scaleable. But at its core, SAFe places the highest value on four core values: alignment, built-in quality, transparency, and program execution.

These guiding principles help dictate behavior and action for everyone who participates in a SAFe portfolio.

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8
Q

Which of the following does NOT exhibit the the core value of “Alignment”?

A. Communicate the mission, vision, and strategy

B. Provide briefings and participate in PI Planning

C. Participate in backlog review and preparation

D. Visualize all relevant work

E. Organize around Value Streams

F. Constantly check for understanding

A

D. Visualize all relevant work

Alignment is needed to keep pace with fast change, disruptive competitive forces, and geographically distributed teams. The responsibility for strategy and alignment cannot rest with the combined opinions of the teams, no matter how good they are. Alignment must rely on the Enterprise business objectives.

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9
Q

Which of the 4 SAFe Core Values “does not imply or encourage top-down command and control but rather enables empowerment, autonomy, and decentralized decision-making.”?

A. Transparency

B. Alignment

C. Built-in Quality

D. Program Execution

A

B. Alignment

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10
Q

Which of the following does NOT exhibit the the core value of “Transparency”?

A. Constantly check for understanding

B. Admit your own mistakes

C. Support others who acknowledge and learn from their mistakes

D. Take ownership and responsibility for errors

E. Don’t shoot the messenger

F. Visualize all relevant work

A

A. Constantly check for understanding

Without openness, facts are obscure and decision-making is based on speculative assumptions and lack of data. To ensure openness—trust is needed. Trust exists when the business and development can confidently rely on another to act with integrity, particularly in times of difficulty. Without trust no one can build high-performance teams and programs, nor build (or rebuild) the confidence needed to make and meet reasonable commitments.
Transparency is an enabler of trust.

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11
Q

Which SAFe Core Value is trust an enabler of?

A. Alignment

B. Transparency

C. Built-in Quality

D. Program Execution

A

B. Transparency

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12
Q

Which of the following does NOT exhibit the the core value of “Built-in Quality”?

A. Refuse to accept low-quality work

B. Support investments in technical debt reduction

C. Ensure UX, architecture, operations, security, compliance, and others are part of the flow of work

D. Take ownership and responsibility for errors

A

D. Take ownership and responsibility for errors

Built-in Quality ensures that every element and every increment of the solution reflects quality standards throughout the development lifecycle. Quality is not “added later.” Building quality in is a prerequisite of Lean and flow—without it, the organization will likely operate with large batches of unverified, unvalidated work. Excessive rework and slower velocities are likely results.

The bigger the system, the more important endemic quality is, so there can be no ambiguity about the importance of built-in quality in large-scale systems. It is mandatory.

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 aspects of Built-in Quality?

A. FLOW

B. LEAN

C. ARCHITECTURE and DESIGN QUALITY

D. CODE QUALITY

E. SYSTEM QUALITY

F. RELEASE QUALITY

A

B. LEAN

LEAN is NOT one of the specific aspects of Built-In Quality.

Built-in quality is a major foundational element of SAFe, and since it’s impossible to localize the quality discussion to every specific activity or artifact that affects quality, the SAFe Built-in Quality article organizes quality thinking around five specific aspects—Flow, Architecture and Design Quality, Code Quality, System Quality and Release Quality,

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14
Q

Which of the following does NOT exhibit the the core value of “Program Execution”?

A. Participate as an active Business Owner

B. Celebrate high quality and predictability delivered PI’s

C. Ensure UX, architecture, operations, security, compliance, and others are part of the flow of work

D. Aggressively remove impediments and demotivators

A

C. Ensure UX, architecture, operations, security, compliance, and others are part of the flow of work

SAFe uses Program Execution to place an intense focus on working systems and business outcomes.

That is the purpose of the ART, and that is why SAFe focuses implementation initially at Essential SAFe. In turn, the ability of Value Streams to deliver value depends on the ability of the ARTs and Solution Trains.

Coupled with the other core values alignment, transparency, and built-in quality on the team’s side, they have a little ‘wind at their back.’ That enables a focus on execution. And if they struggle—and they will, because complex solution development is hard—they have the cornerstone of the Inspect and Adapt workshops.

In that way, they close the loop and execute better and better during each Program Increment.

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15
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for driving the shortest sustainable lead time, ensuring the best quality and value to people and society, promoting high morale and safety and customer delight?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

A. Value

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16
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for creating a generative culture, a belief that people do all the work, your customer is whoever consumes your work, foster long-term partnerships based on trust, and focus on changing the culture by changing the organization?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

B. Respect for People and Culture

17
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for optimizing sustainable value delivery, building in quality, understanding and exploiting and managing variability, and moving from project execution to product development?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

C. Flow

18
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for innovative people, providing time and space for innovation, a “go see” culture, experimentation and feedback, creating innovation riptides, and the ability to pivot without mercy or guilt?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

D. Innovation

19
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for a constant sense of danger or competition, optimizing the whole, driving a problem-solving culture, base improvements on facts, and reflect at key milestones?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

E. Relentless Improvement

20
Q

Which aspect of the House of Lean is responsible for a leading by example, adopting a growth mindset, exemplify the values and principles of Lean-Agile and SAFe, developing people, leading the change, and fostering psychological safety?

A. Value

B. Respect for People and Culture

C. Flow

D. Innovation

E. Relentless Improvement

F. Leadership

A

F. Leadership

21
Q

When considering SAFe principle #2 of apply systems thinking, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Optimize a component optimizes the whole

B. For the system to behave well as a system, a higher-level understanding of behavior and architecture is required

C. The value of a system passes through its interconnections

D. A system can evolve no faster than its slowest integration point

E. The solution is a system. The Enterprise building the system is a system too.

A

A. Optimize a component optimizes the whole

According to W. Edwards Deming, “Left to themselves components becomes selfish, independent profit centers and thus destroy the system….

The secret is cooperation between components toward the aim of the organization.”

22
Q

According to SAFe’s principle #1 of taking an economic view, if you can only consider one factor, which is the most important to consider?

A. Sequence of jobs for maximum benefit

B. Do not consider money already spent

C. Make economic choices continuously

D. Empower local decision making

E. Quantify the cost of delay

A

E. Quantify the cost of delay

23
Q

Which SAFe Principle teaches that “Objective Milestones facilitate learning and allow for continuous, cost-effective adjustments towards an optimum Solution”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

24
Q

What agile ceremony is used to apply objective milestones as part of SAFe Principle #5?

A. Daily Stand Ups

B. Inspect & Adapt

C. Program Increment (PI) System Demos

D. Program Increment (PI) Planning

A

C. Program Increment (PI) System Demos

Program Increment (PI) System demos are orchestrated to deliver objective progress, product, and process metrics.

25
Q

Which SAFe Principle is responsible for visualizing and limiting work in process (WIP), reducing batch sizes, and managing queue lengths”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

26
Q

Which SAFe Principle is leverages Little’s Law of managing queue lengths?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

27
Q

According to SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length, reducing batch sizes accomplishes all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Increases predictability

B. Accelerates feedback

C. Reduces rework

D. Increases funding

E. Lowers cost

A

D. Increases funding

28
Q

Which SAFe Principle is based on the principles of “product development flow”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

Don Reinertsen’s principles of product development flow [1] we can explain why cadence and synchronization are critical to effective solution development.

29
Q

Which of the following are NOT part of the cadence principles of SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning?

A. Converts unpredictable events into predictable occurrences and lowers cost

B. Makes waiting times for new work predictable

C. Supports regular planning and cross-functional coordination

D. Limits batch sizes to a single interval

E. Controls injection of new work

F. Provides scheduled integration points

G. Allows multiple solution perspectives to be understood, resolved, and integrated at the same time

A

G. Allows multiple solution perspectives to be understood, resolved, and integrated at the same time

Allows multiple solution perspectives to be understood, resolved, and integrated at the same time is synchronization NOT cadence. Cadence is the rhythmic pattern of events that provides the steady heartbeat of the development process.

30
Q

What is the principle that makes routine everything that can be routine so developers can focus on managing the variable part of solution development?

A. Synchronization

B. Cross-Domain Planning

C. Cadence

D. Increments

A

C. Cadence

Cadence creates predictability and provides a rhythm for development.

31
Q

What is the 2nd principle that partners with “cadence” to help accomplish SAFe Principle #7?

A. Synchronization

B. Cross-Domain Planning

C. Cadence

D. Increments

A

A. Synchronization

Synchronization allows multiple solution perspectives to be understood, resolved, and integrated at the same time.

Taken together, cadence and synchronization are critical concepts that help us manage the inherent variability of our work. This creates a more reliable, dependable solution development and delivery process, one that our key business stakeholders can come to rely on.

32
Q

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of synchronization?

A. Causes multiple events to happen at the same time

B. Facilitates cross-functional tradeoffs

C. Provides routine dependency management

D. Teams reflect and identify improvement backlog items via a structured, problem-solving workshop

E. Supports full system and integration and assessment

F. Provides multiple feedback perspectives

A

D. Teams reflect and identify improvement backlog items via a structured, problem-solving workshop

The above is part of Inspect & Adapt, not part of SAFe Principle #7.

33
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 keys to keys to unlocking intrinsic motivation?

A. individual incentives

B. autonomy

C. purpose

D. mastery

A

A. individual incentives

Individual incentives can create internal competition and destroy the cooperation necessary to achieve the larger aim of the system. To unlock intrinsic motivation employees need:

  • Autonomy - the desire to be self-directed and have control over what they work on, how they do their work, and who they work with
  • Mastery - the urge to get better at what we do and improve our personal and team skills
  • Purpose - the desire to do something that matters and has meaning
34
Q

Which SAFe Principle is “leaders understanding that ideation, innovation, and employee engagement
yields better outcomes for individuals, customers, and the enterprise.”?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

35
Q

Which SAFe Principle is about defining the economic logic behind a decision to empower others to make the changes?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

36
Q

What is NOT one of the characteristics of the type of decisions that need to be centralized?

A. Infrequent

B. Long-lasting

C. Urgent

D. Significant economies of scale

A

C. Urgent

Decisions that are acceptable to retain at the Centralized level are:

Infrequent - not made very often and usually not urgent (strategy)

Long-lasting - once made, highly unlikely to change (common technology platform)

Significant economies of scale - provide large and broad economic benefit (compensation strategy)

Decisions recommended for decentralization are:

Frequent - routine, everyday decisions (team and program backlog)

Time critical - high cost of delay (point release to customer)

Requires local information - specific and local technology or customer context is required (feature criteria)

37
Q

What is NOT one of the characteristics of the type of decisions that need to be decentralized?

A. Frequent

B. Long-lasting

C. Time Critical

D. Requires local information

A

B. Long-lasting

Decisions recommended for decentralization are:

Frequent - routine, everyday decisions (team and program backlog)

Time critical - high cost of delay (point release to customer)

Requires local information - specific and local technology or customer context is required (feature criteria)

Decisions that are acceptable to retain at the Centralized level are:

Infrequent - not made very often and usually not urgent (strategy)

Long-lasting - once made, highly unlikely to change (common technology platform)

Significant economies of scale - provide large and broad economic benefit (compensation strategy)

38
Q

Which SAFe Principle is leverages the hierarchical system benefits and stability, the dual operating system model of Business Agility to restore the entrepreneurial network’s speed and innovation?

A. SAFe Principle #1 Take an economic view

B. SAFe Principle #2 Apply systems thinking

C. SAFe Principle #3 Assume variability; preserve options

D. SAFe Principle #4 Build incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles

E. SAFe Principle #5 Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems

F. SAFe Principle #6 Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch sizes, and manage queue length

G. SAFe Principle #7 Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning

H. SAFe Principle #8 Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers

I. SAFe Principle #9 Decentralize decision-making

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value

A

J. SAFe Principle #10 Organize around value