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SAFe PO/PM Flashcards

1
Q

What is SAFe for lean enterprises?

A

A knowledge base of proven, integrated principles, practices, and competencies for achieving business agility by implementing lean, agile, and dev ops at scale.

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2
Q

What is a value stream?

A

Represents the series or steps an organization undertakes to deliver a product or service to a customer.

Contains the systems, the people who do the work, and the flow of information and materials.

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3
Q

What are the three building blocks of a value stream?

A

System, people who do the work, and the flow of information and materials.

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4
Q

What are the two value streams?

A

Operational and Development

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5
Q

What is an Operational Value Stream?

A

The sequence of activities needed to deliver a product or service to a customer.

Ex. manufacturing a product, fulfilling an ecommerce order, providing a loan

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6
Q

What are the benefits of an operational value stream?

A

Fewer handoffs and delays
Focus on value instead of tasks or tickets
Early feedback and better budgeting

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7
Q

What is a development value stream?

A

The sequence of actives needed to convert a business hypothesis into a technology enabled solution that delivers customer value?

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8
Q

What are the four steps of a development value stream?

A

Feature request > Define > Build > Test > Release

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9
Q

What is the relationship of operational value streams to development value streams?

A

one to many

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10
Q

Which value stream converts a business hypothesis into a technology enabled solution?

A

Development value stream

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11
Q

What is the kickoff of a development value stream?

A

Feature request

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12
Q

What is a solution?

A

A product, service, or system delivered to the customer - internal or external.

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13
Q

A ____ is a product service or system delivered to the customer whether internal or external, to the enterprise?

A

Solution

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14
Q

How many solutions does each development value stream produce?

A

One or more

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15
Q

______ enable operational value streams?

A

Solutions

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16
Q

Operational value streams for TTC include?

A

Truck program, van program, autonomous programs

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17
Q

What are the four pillars of the house of lean?

A

Respect for people and culture.
Flow
Innovation
Relentless Improvement

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18
Q

Agile Manifesto

A

Individuals and interactions over process and tools
Working software over comprehensive documentation
Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
Responding to change over following a plan

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19
Q

What is the primary measure of progress in the agile manifesto?

A

Working Software

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20
Q

SAFe Lean-Agile Principles

A
  1. Take an economic view
  2. apply systems thinking
  3. Assume variability
  4. Build incrementally with fast, integrated cycles
  5. Base milestones on objective evaluation of working systems
  6. Visualize and limit WIP, reduce batch size, and manage queue lengths
  7. Apply cadence, synchronize with cross-domain planning
  8. Unlock the intrinsic motivation of knowledge workers
  9. Decentralize decision making
  10. Organize around value
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21
Q

How many people in an agile team?

A

5-11

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22
Q

What does an agile team use for agility?

A

Scrum or Kanban

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23
Q

What is the goal of an agile team?

A

Deliver value every iteration

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24
Q

What is the basic building block of the SAFe enterprise?

A

Agile Team

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25
Q

What are the responsibilities of the Agile team?

A
  1. Create and refine stories and acceptance criteria
  2. Define, build, test, and deliver stories
  3. Develop and commit to team PI objectives and iteration plans
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26
Q

How many teams and individuals on an ART?

A

5 to 12 teams, 50 to 125 individuals

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27
Q

What is the goal of an ART?

A

Achieving continuous flow of value (long lasting)

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28
Q

When do POs coordinate dependencies?

A

PO Sync

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29
Q

What is the PI system demo a part of?

A

The IA workshop (Inspect and adapt)

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30
Q

___ is the process that deploys new functionality into production and releases it immediately or incrementally to customers based on demand?

A

Release on Demand

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31
Q

What are the four parts of the Continuous Delivery Pipeline?

A

Continuous Exploration
Continuous Integration
Continuous Deployment
Release on Demand

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32
Q

What are the four activities of release on demand?

A

Release
Stabilize and operation
Measure
Learn

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33
Q

_____ is the primary mechanism used to track and measure data usage against the hypothesis.

A

Application Telemetry

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34
Q

What ____ is a set of events that occur repeatedly on a predictable cadence?

A

Market Rhythm

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35
Q

What _____ is a one-time future event, which has a high probability of materially affecting one or more solutions?

A

A market Event

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36
Q

What three things should a PM do during pre PI planning?

A

Create/update Vision
Create/update Roadmap
Socialize to 10 features

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37
Q

How long is a PI?

A

8-12 weeks

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38
Q

A __________ is a timebox during an ART that delivers incremental value in the form of working, tested software and systems.

A

Program Increment

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39
Q

How long is a PI planning?

A

Two days in person, 4 days virtual

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40
Q

Who owns feature priorities during a PI?

A

Product Managers

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41
Q

What is one goal of the PI planning process?

A

Create PI Objectives

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42
Q

A _____ is a description of the future state of the product or solution.

A

Vision

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43
Q

What is included in the vision?

A

Where are we headed with the solution?
What problem do we solve?
What features and benefit hypothesis do we think it provides?
Who does it benefit?
What NFRs such as performance, reliability, platforms, does the solution deliver.

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44
Q

What type of themes influence the product/solution vision?

A

Strategic

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45
Q

What guides the train?

A

Vision

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46
Q

What evolves the vision?

A

Feedback

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47
Q

What roadmaps provides a multi-year view?

A

Solution Roadmaps

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48
Q

How many PIs in a PI roadmap?

A

1-3

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49
Q

How long in an iteration?

50
Q

A ____ is a container for a significant solution development initiative that captures more substantial investments that occur within a portfolio.

51
Q

A _____ is a service that fulfills a stakeholder need.

52
Q

_____ are short descriptions of small piece of desired functionality.

53
Q

______ support actives needed to extend the architectural runway to provide future business functionally.

54
Q

What are the two types of Epics?

A

Business Epics deliver business value.
Enabler Epics deliver support for the architectural runway and future business functionality.

55
Q

What are the criteria for an Epic? (4)

A

Lean Business Case
Criteria for MVP
Epic Owner
Approval by LPM

56
Q

Features fit in one _______ and stories fit in one _______.

A

PI, Iteration

57
Q

________ are implemented by stories.

58
Q

What three things determine the duration of an Epic?

A

Story point size
Historical velocity of the affected arts
The capacity the arts have allocated to the epic

59
Q

What are two types of size estimates for stories?

A

Story Points
Relative estimating

60
Q

What does a definition of done measure?

A

Completeness for an increment of value

61
Q

Definition of done for system increment?

A

Stories completed by all teams in ART

62
Q

Definition of done in the solution increment?

A

Capabilities completed by all trains

63
Q

____ Helps balance the functionality with architecture runwy?

A

Capacity allocation

64
Q

______ promotes flow and the continuous delivery of value?

65
Q

WSJF Formula

A

Cost of delay/ Job Duration (Size)

66
Q

What are the three components of cost of delay?

A

User-Business Value (Customer preference, revenue impact)
Time Criticality (Fixed deadline, wait for us, customer satisfaction)
Risk Reduction and opportunity enablement (Reduce the risk of this or future delivery, new business opportunities?)

67
Q

Inputs from pm to PI planning include:

A

Business Context
Roadmap
Vision
Top 10 Features

68
Q

What are the two primary outputs of PI planning?

A

PI Objectives
Program Board

69
Q

Communicate the vision and roadmap:

A
  1. Vision aligns with strategic themes
  2. User personas how vision improves lives
  3. NFRs
  4. Map vision to strategic themes and solution context
  5. How does PI roadmap help fulfill vision
70
Q

_____ are the business and technical goals that each team and overall ART intend to achieve in the upcoming PI.

A

PI Objectives

71
Q

What is a SMART objective?

A

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time Bound

72
Q

What 5 values should you consider when assigning business Value?

A

Regulatory
Commercial
Market
Efficiency
Future

73
Q

What is ROAM for risks?

A

Resolved - Has been addressed, no longer a concern
Owned - Someone has taken responsibility.
Accepted - Nothing more can be done, if risk occurs, release may be compromised
Mitigated - Team has a plan to mitigate risk

74
Q

What are the two requirements for a Vision?

A

Aspirational, yet realistic
Motivational

75
Q

_____ are outputs of a collaboration between enterprise and portfolio stakeholder

A

Strategic Themes

76
Q

_____ express desired end-user functionality written in the user’s
language

A

User Stories

77
Q

___________ support exploration, architecture, infrastructure, and
compliance

A

Enabler Stories

78
Q

When are stories created?

A

PI Planning

79
Q

What are the three Cs of user stories?

A

Card, Conversation, Confirmation

80
Q

What is INVEST for user stories?

A

Independent
Negotiable
Valuable
Estimable
Small
Testable

81
Q

Ten rules for breaking down features into stories:

A

.1. Workflow steps
2. Business rule variations
3. Major effort
4. Simple/complex
5. Variations in data
6. Data methods
7. Defer system qualities
8. Operations
9. Use case scenarios
10. Break out a spike

82
Q

When is a user stories complete?

A

It meets the definition of done
Accepted by the product owner

83
Q

What is the BDD formula for acceptance criteria?

A

Given
When
Then

84
Q

A _______ is a design thinking tool that captures the workflow of a user and the user stories that support the workflow

85
Q

When should you use a story map?

A

When the feature or story captures a workflow.

86
Q

Who leads iteration planning?

A

Product Owners

87
Q

What should be done during iteration planning?

A

Establish capacity
Story analysis and estimating
Detailing Stories
Developing iteration goals
Committing to iteration goals

88
Q

What helps alleviate velocity degradation due to technical debt?

A

Capacity Allocation

89
Q

How can you establish Velocity?

A

Look at the average output of the last iterations.

90
Q

______ is the number of story points accepted in an iteration.

91
Q

What is the equation for velocity?

A

Size/units = Duration

92
Q

How many story points should you give a team?
How many story points should you subtract per vacation day and holiday?

A

8 points for every developer and tester
1

93
Q

Who participates in story point estimating?

A

All members excluding product owners and scrum masters

94
Q

The _____ promotes collaboration and facilitates flow.

A

team kanban

95
Q

What are the three iteration timeboxed events?

A

Iteration Review > Backlog Refinement + Iteration Retrospective > Iteration Planning

96
Q

When is working software functionality shown off?

A

Iteration review

97
Q

When does the team demonstrated every story, spike, refactor, and NFR?

A

Iteration Review

98
Q

What happens during an iteration retrospective?

A

30-60 minutes
Selected one or two items that can be done for next iteration
put them in a team backlog

99
Q

What are the 4 elements of the continuous delivery pipeline?

A

Continuous Exploration, Continuous integration, continuous deployment, release on demand

100
Q

The __________ represents the workflows, activities, and automation needed to deliver new functionality more frequently.

A

Continuous Delivery Pipeline

101
Q

Hypothesize, collaborate/research, architect, synthesize is what part of the CDP?

A

Continuous Exploration

102
Q

What four components make up continuous exploration?

A

Hypothesize, collaborate & research, architect, synthesize

103
Q

Develop, Build, Test, Stage make up what part of the CDP?

A

Continuous Integration

104
Q

What four components make up continuous integration?

A

Develop, Build, Test, Stage

105
Q

Deploy, Verify, Monitor, Respond make up what part of the CDP?

A

Continuous Deployment

106
Q

What four components make up continuous deployment?

A

Deploy, verify, monitor, respond

107
Q

Release, Stabilize and operate, measure, learn make up what part of the CDP?

A

Release on Demand

108
Q

What four components make up the release on demand CDP?

A

Release, Stabilize and operate, Measure, Learn

109
Q

What is the basic building block of agile development?

A

Iterations

110
Q

A _____ occurs at the end of every iteration and involves all teams on the ART to demonstrate features.

A

System Demo

111
Q

Volume, complexity, knowledge, and uncertainty make up a ______.

A

Story point

112
Q

What four components make up estimating a story?

A

Volume
Complexity
Knowledge
Uncertainty

113
Q

When does the system demo occur?

A

Every 2 weeks, lagging behind the iteration review, as much as one iteration max.

114
Q

When does the Innovation and Planning (IP) iteration occur and what is it’s goal?

A

Every PI
Provides an estimating buffer for meeting PI Objectives
Provides dedicated time for innovation, PI planning, and I&A events.

115
Q

What can be doing during a IP increment?

A

Hackathon
Supplier Showcase
Explore spikes

116
Q

What three components make up the Inspect and Adapt (IA) event?

A

System Demo
Quantative and Quantative Measurement
Problem-Solving Workshop

117
Q

When is the PI system demo shown?

A

At the Inspect and Adapt event, end of the PI.

118
Q

When and who reviews business value achieved?

A

Business owners during the Inspect and Adapt Event.

119
Q

What compares actual business value with planned business value? When is it calcualted?

A

ART predictability during the IA event.

120
Q

What are the 6 steps in the problem solving workshop?

A

Agree on a problem
Apply root cause analysis (5 whys)
Determine root cause
Restate new problem for biggest root cause
Brainstorm
Add to improvement backlog items

121
Q

What is the usual composition for a PI?

A

4 development Iterations and one IP iteration

SAFe PO/PM (1 decks)

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