SACCM 167: Hemostatic Drugs

Question 1

why does Desmopressin not cause vasoconstriction?

Answer 1

Altered from its natural form –> D-arginine substituted for L-arginine
* eliminates V1 agonist activity
* enhanced V2 agonist activity –> release of VIII and vWF from endothelium

Question 2

What are the 3 types of vWD?

Answer 2

type 1: low concentration but normal structure
type 2: low concentration and abnormal structure
type 3: very low cc or absent

Question 3

If you give colloids to an animal and induce hypocoagulability, why could desmopressin be an appropriate treatment?

Answer 3

hypocoagulability from colloids associated with decreased vWF and FVIII

Question 4

what are the side effects of desmopressin?

Answer 4

antidiuretic effects: water retention and hyponatremia
in people: facial flushing, hypotension, headaches

Question 5

how fast after desmopressin administration do vWF and FVIII increase?

Answer 5

30-60 min after IV, 60-90 min after intranasal administration

Question 6

what is the proposed mechanism of action of yunnan baiyao?

Answer 6

stimulates platelet activation and alpha granule release

Question 7

what is the mechanism of action of ACA and tranexamic acid?

Answer 7

reversibly blocks the lysine binding site on plasminogen –> cannot bind to fibrin

Question 8

what is a common side effect of tranexamic acid?

Answer 8

vomiting –> dilute and give over 20-30 minutes