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vet-health > SAC2 > Flashcards

SAC2 Flashcards

1
Q

excitability/ irritability

A

ability to recieve and respond to stimuli

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2
Q

contractibility

A

ability for muscle to shorten forcibly

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3
Q

extensibility

A

ability for muscle to be stretched or extended

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4
Q

elasticity

A

ability for a muscle to recoil and resume original resting length

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5
Q

isotonic muscle contraction

A

muscles change in length

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6
Q

concentric muscle contraction

A

muscle shortens

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7
Q

eccentric muscle contraction

A

muscle lengthens

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8
Q

agonist

A

contracting muscle

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9
Q

antagonist

A

relaxing muscle

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10
Q

hinge joint

A

flexion extension eg.knee elbow philanges

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11
Q

ball and socket joint

A

adduction, abduction, circumduction, flexion, extension

eg. shoulder and hip

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12
Q

pivot joint

A

left to right rotation

eg. C1 C2

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13
Q

plane joint

A

sliding gliding.

eg. btw tarsals clavicle

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14
Q

saddle joint

A

rotation

eg. thumb

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15
Q

condyloid

A

adduction, abduction, circumduction, flexion extension

eg. wrist

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16
Q

synovial joint; ligament

A

fibrous tissue

connect bone to bone

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17
Q

synovial joint; synovial fluid

A

slippery fluid

reduce friction btw articular cartilage and joint

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18
Q

synovial joint; articular cartilage

A

glassy-smooth cartilage, covers end of bones

shock absorber and prevent friction

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19
Q

synovial joint; joint capsule

A

fibrous tissue 2x layers

strengthens joint

20
Q

fibrous joints

A

tough connective tissue

no movement, increase stability, lines btw skull

21
Q

cartilagenous joint

A

connected entirely by cartilage

act as shock absorber eg ribs vertebra

22
Q

synovial joint

A

space w capsule btw 2 articulating bones

movement

23
Q

cartilage

A 
func - shock absorption, joint lub reduce friction
struct- avascular therefore no blood supply slow healing
24
Q

ligaments

A

strong fibrous band of connective tissue, slightly elastic

connect bone to bone ; increase stability,

25
Q

tendons

A

soft connective tissue, less elastic

connect muscle to bone ; transfer force between to make moves

26
Q

long bone

A

2 extremities and shaft
length > width
eg. femur, tibia, phalanges

27
Q

short bone

A

roughly cubicle
width = length
eg. carpals, tarsals

28
Q

irregular bones

A

no regular shape / characteristics

eg. vertebra and some skull bones

29
Q

flat bones

A

flat area for muscles to attach, usually enclose cavities to protect organs
eg. sternum, ribs

30
Q

sesamoid bones

A

small bones developed in tendons around some joints

eg. patella / knee cap

31
Q

vertebra divisions

A
  • cervical (7 bones)
  • thoracic (12 bones)
  • lumbar (5 bones)
  • sacral ( 5 fused bones)
  • coccygeal ( 4 fused bones)
32
Q

osteoblasts

A

build up bones, repair old ones, make new

33
Q

osteoclasts

A

breakdown bone, help remould injured ones

34
Q

osteocytes

A

communication in bone tissue

connection btw osteoclasts and osteoblasts

35
Q

Compact bone

A

(cortical)
hard outer layer
dense, strong, durable

36
Q

spongy bone

A

(cancellous, trabecular)
network of rod like structures
lighter, less dense, flexible

37
Q

epidermis

A

superificial layer
no blood vessels/nerve endings
varies in density

38
Q

dermis

A

2nd layer
blood vessels/nerve endings, sweat glands/ducts, hair and errector pili muscles
collagen and connective tissue

39
Q

subcutaneous

A

(hypodermis)
layer of tissue, adipose fat and collagen cells
- acts as insulator, shock absorber, energy source bc its fatty

40
Q

skin function

A

P.A.S.T.E.D

41
Q

bone function

A

P.M.B.R.B.C.P.S

42
Q

hair function

A
  1. body temperature
  2. protection
  3. sense organ
43
Q

nail function

A

prevent bone damage, grasp, dig, itch

hard keratin plates

44
Q

sweat glands

A

eccrine - discharge NaCl + water directly onto skin

appocrine - ducts open into hair follicles, acted on by bacteria

45
Q

sebaceous (oil) gland

A 
struc - epithelial cells
func - secrete sebum, to keep hair follicles soft, prevent skin drying
46
Q

main muscles in quads

A

FRONT - sartorius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris
BACK. - bicep femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

47
Q

main arm muscles

A

FRONT - bicep branchi, deltoid, branchioradialis, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris
BACK - tricep branchi

vet-health (9 decks)

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